古尔班通古特沙漠梭梭林象甲科昆虫分布及其动态研究

The distribution and dynamic of Curculionidae on Haloxylon ammodendron in Gurbantü nggü t Desert

为了研究古尔班通古特沙漠自然梭梭林、生态恢复梭梭林和人工梭梭林3种不同生境梭梭林内象甲科昆虫分布及发生情况,本研究采用陷阱法对不同生境的梭梭树东南西北四个方向定时定点收集的象甲科昆虫进行研究。结果显示:3种梭梭林共收集到象甲科昆虫标本6属8种492头,其中数量最多的是粉红锥喙象(C.conirostris(Gebl.)),占总个体数的55.08%。人工梭梭林象甲科数量与自然梭梭林差异不显著,而生态恢复梭梭林象甲科数量与人工梭梭林、自然梭梭林差异显著。此外,不同方向象甲科数量差异不显著。自然梭梭林象甲数量最多的时期在7月下旬,生态恢复梭梭林象甲数量最多的时期在7月下旬,而人工梭梭林象甲数量有两个高峰期,分别在5月中旬和7月中旬。象甲作为梭梭重要的植食性昆虫,不利于梭梭的正常生长。本研究通过调查研究象甲科昆虫的分布与动态,可为保护梭梭林提供一定的理论依据。

In order to know the distribution and dynamic of Curculiondate in natural, ecological restoring and artificial Haloxylon ammodendron, Gurbant u ngg u t Desert, we here investigated the number of Curculionidae fixedly on four directions （east, south, west and north） under Haloxylon ammodendron by pitfall traps. The results showed that a total of 492 specimens of six genera and eight species were collected, and all belonged to Cureulionidae. C. conirostris （Gebl.） was maximum species in three different habitats, accounting for 55.08% of the total number of individuals. The number of Curculionidae had no significant difference between artificial Haloxylon ammodendron and natural Haloxylon ammodendron, however ecological restoration Haloxylon ammodendron had significant differrence among three habitats. In addition, the number of Curculionidae was not significantly different on four directions. There was one peak of Curculionidae numbers in late July in natural Haloxylon ammodendron, as well as ecological restoring Haloxylon ammodendron. However, there were two peaks of Curculionidae numbers in artificial Haloxylon ammodendron, respectively in mid-May and mid-August. Curculionidae was an important herbivore insect, and it was harmful to Haloxylon ammodendron. This paper could provide a theoretical basis for the conservation of Haloxylon ammodendron through studying the distribution and dynamic of the Curculionidae.