短须裂腹鱼营养成分分析与品质评价

Nutrient Content and Quality of Schizothorax wangchiachii

采用生化方法对短须裂腹鱼(Schizothorax wangchiachii)的常规营养成分、氨基酸和脂肪酸组成进行了分析,并对其营养品质进行了评价,为其养殖生产及饲料配制提供理论依据。2015年5月采集当年人工繁殖的短须裂腹鱼幼鱼200尾作为实验材料,体长为5~8 cm,体重为3.12~4.51 g,分成4个混合样本进行检测分析。结果表明,短须裂腹鱼鲜样中水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗灰分分别为(70.66±1.50)%、(14.24±0.40)%、(12.83±1.44)%和(2.05±0.11)%。共检测出17种氨基酸,总量为(10.88±0.21)%,必需氨基酸总量(5.05±0.11)%,非必需氨基酸总量为(5.83±0.10)%;依据氨基酸评分(AAS),短须裂腹鱼的第一限制性氨基酸为缬氨酸(Val),第二限制性氨基酸为异亮氨酸(Ile);依据化学评分,第一限制性氨基酸为蛋氨酸+胱氨酸(Met+Cys),第二限制性氨基酸为苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸(Phe+Tyr)。共检测出17种脂肪酸,总量为(84.39±7.20)mg/100 g,饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸以及多不饱和脂肪酸分别为(24.95±2.22)mg/100 g、(38.69±3.29)mg/100 g、(20.22±1.60)mg/100 g。综合分析认为短须裂腹鱼是具有食用价值和资源开发潜力。

Schizothorax wangchiachii,belonging to Schizothorax,Cypriniformes,Cyprinidae,is primarily distributed in Jinsha River,Wujiang River and Yalong River. In recent years,wild populations of S. wangchiachii have sharply declined because of dam construction,overfishing and environmental pollution. In this study,the nutrient content of S. wangchiachii was tested and the nutrient quality was evaluated to provide a theoretical basis for the artificial culture and to generate data for compounding feed. In May 2015,200 S. wangchiachii juveniles,obtained by artificial reproduction,（ total length： 5-8 cm,weight： 3. 12-4. 51 g） were selected for determination of biochemical composition. Content of moisture,crude protein,crude fat and crude ash were（ 70. 66 ± 1. 50） %,（ 14. 24 ± 0. 40） %,（ 12. 83 ± 1. 44） % and（ 2. 05 ± 0. 11） %,respectively. A total of 17 common amino acids were detected,nine essential and eight nonessential. Amino acids contributed（ 10. 88 ± 0. 21） % of the body weight,and the content of the essential amino acids and nonessential amino acids were（ 5. 05 ± 0. 11） % and（ 5. 83 ± 0. 10） %,respectively. Based on the amino acid score（ AAS）,the first limited amino acid is Val and the second limited amino acid is Ile. Based on the chemical score（ CS）,the first limited amino acid is Met ＋ Cys,and the second limited amino acid is Phe ＋ Tyr. There were 17 fatty acids detected in the muscle tissue of S. wangchiachii,including 5 saturated fatty acids and 12 unsaturated fatty acids. The total content of the fatty acids was（ 84. 39 ± 7. 20） mg/100 g,and the content of the saturated fatty acids,mono-unsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids were（ 24. 95 ± 2. 22） mg/100 g,（ 38. 69 ± 3. 29） mg/100 g,and（ 20. 22 ± 1. 60） mg/100 g,respectively. In conclusion,S. wangchiachii,has high nutritional value and good potential in aquaculture.