昆明市官渡区儿童、青少年口腔卫生知识、态度及行为调查分析

A Survey About Knowledge Attitude, Practice of Oral Health in Children and Adolescents in Guandu District of Kunming

目的了解昆明市官渡区儿童青少年口腔卫生知识、行为及态度现状,以便今后采取针对性的口腔常见病、多发病的预防控制和口腔健康教育。方法采用多阶段抽样,抽取幼儿园3~5岁,小学6~11岁,初中12~15岁儿童青少年共1 800人进行问卷调查。调查内容包括:一般人口学特征、口腔卫生知识、口腔健康行为以及态度等。结果调查对象对六龄牙知识、牙菌斑知识和正确的保健牙刷知晓率相对较高,分别为66.48%、63.79%和58.97%;对应选择含氟牙膏的知识知晓率最低,为19.67%。儿童、青少年对牙刷专用、牙痛的医院检查和牙龈出血的处理正确行为率相对较高,分别为98.26%、87.84%和74.50%;对常见的口腔不良行为习惯正确行为率最低,为31.28%。结论昆明市官渡区儿童、青少年口腔保健知识、行为与态度尚有欠缺。有必要加强儿童青少年及家长接受多层次口腔健康知识和对口腔健康有积极态度及具有良好口腔健康行为,帮助和引导儿童、青少年建立正确口腔健康行为。

Objective To investigate the knowledge（K）, attitude（A）, practice（P） of oral health in children and adolescents in Guandu District of Kunming. Methods Using multistage sampling, 1 800 subjectes and adolescents were selected, including children aged 3-5 years old from the kindergartens, 6-11 years old from primary schools, and adolescents aged 12-15 years old from senior high schools. Their demographic charecteristics and KAP of oral health were investigated. Results Subjects had relatively good awareness of six-year-old teeth, dental plaque and correc! health care toothbrush, they were 66.48%-63.79% and 58.97%, respcclivcly. There were merely 19.67% of the investigators knew the knowledge about fluoride toothpaste. 98.26% of them knew that toothbrush should not be shared, and 87.84% would have tooth checked in hospital for the toothache, in addition, 74.50% had appropriate beheaviors to deal with bleeding gums. While there were only 31.28% had correct behaviors about common oral habits. Conclusion Children and adolescents in Guandu District of Ktmming had poor KAP of oral health. Childre and adolescents and their parents＇ KAP about oral health need improvements, and health promotion activities are needed to help children and adolescents in this area to develop correct oral health behaviors.