教育游戏对学生学业成就影响研究——基于48项实验与准实验研究的元分析

Effect of Educational Games on Students' Academic Achievement:A Meta-Analysis of 48 Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Studies

基于"寓教于乐"的教育理想,人们对教育游戏在教育教学方面的积极作用寄予厚望。为探究教育游戏对学生学业成就的影响,国内外学者开展了大量的实验研究,结果却大相径庭,甚至存在截然不同的研究结论。鉴于此,本文采用元分析方法,对近十年国际上关于教育游戏对学生学业成就影响的48项实验与准实验研究进行量化分析,审视与评价了教育游戏的影响效果。研究发现:教育游戏对学生学业成就具有正向影响作用,其效应值为0.560。教育游戏对学生学业成就的影响效果在不同学习对象、学生人数规模以及文理学科上均不存在显著性差异,影响效果是等同的,但在具体学科上存在显著的差异性。英语、计算机、科学、理化等学科受教育游戏影响较大,具有广泛的教育游戏应用前景;生物、地理、史社等学科受教育游戏影响适中,具备一定的教育游戏应用前景;数学受教育游戏影响最小,其教育游戏应用前景还不太明朗;商业管理、体育等学科一定程度上也受教育游戏的影响,不过其实际效果和应用前景还有待考证。

Based on the education ideal of edutainment, people have high expectations for a positive role of edu- cational games in education and teaching. In order to explore the effect of educational games on students＇ academic achievement, scholars at home and abroad have carried a large number of experimental studies. However, experimen- tal results are very different and there are three distinct research conclusions. Some studies find that educational games have a positive impact on students＇ academic achievement. On the contrary, some studies get the opposite conclusions. Other studies find that educational games have no significant impact on students＇ academic achievement. So far, no agreement has been reached in academia for this question. This not only causes controversies in theories but also hin- ders the corresponding practices. In order to reach a scientific agreement and promote practices, there is an urgent need to understand the actual effect of educational games on students＇ academic achievement. This article used meta-analysis method to make a quantitative analysis of 48 experimental and quasi - experimen- tal studies from abroad on educational games that has been influencing students＇ academic achievement for the last ten years, reviewing and evaluating the actual effect of educational games. We also examined the differences of educa- tion game effects on different student objects, the number of students in classes, study discipline, and specific subjects. Data analysis results showed that the education game had a positive influence on students＇ academic achievements, and its overall effect size is O. 560. The effect of education game on students＇ achievement had no significant differ- ences among students from elementary school, middle school and college. The effect of education game also had no significant difference on the size of classes. Although the effect of educational games had no significant differences be- tween science and arts, it had significant differences on specific subjects. English, computer, science, physics and chemistry were greatly influenced by education games, and had a wide education game application prospect. Biology, geography, history, and social study were moderately influenced by education game, and had a certain education game application prospect. Math was affected by the education game at a minimum level, and its education game ap- plication prospect was not clear. Business management and sports may be influenced by education game at a certain level, but their actual effects and education game applications remained to be proven.