利用隶属函数值法对玉米成熟期抗旱性的综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation on Drought-Resistance of Maize in Mature Stage by Subordinate Function Values Analysis

以10个不同基因型玉米为试验材料,在宁夏中部干旱带,通过测定不同品种成熟期的K^+/Na^+、光合气体交换参数、农艺性状及产量性状等指标进行抗旱性鉴定,并利用主成分分析和隶属函数法对其抗旱性强弱进行综合评价。结果表明,干旱胁迫地和对照田中,各参试品种的光合特征参数、K^+/Na^+及形态性状等均有明显差异,且干旱胁迫条件下的净光合速率(P_n)、株高、产量均显著低于对照(P<0.05)。同一品种不同器官的K^+/Na^+值表现为茎基>茎>叶>根,表明植株体内的离子吸收和运输具有选择性,茎基具有贮存K^+的作用,根具有贮存Na^+的功能。不同基因型玉米品种的抗旱能力根据综合评价值(D值)大小,综合评价其抗旱性强弱顺序为A111-3/H242>HoViY1>北21/A58>A3/A18高>WY2>宁3/1522>H237/A18>桂青贮1号>H237/1506>A3/A18。

In order to evaluate drought resistance of different maize genotypes, ten maize varieties/lines were planted in drought treatment without irrigation subject to drought stress in Ningxia Central Arid Belt Controlled ex- perimental field （with adequate water supply） was also carried out. Based on the values of K＋/Na＋, photosynthetic gas exchange parameters and agronomic traits measured in mature period, the drought resistance for the ten maize geno- types was evaluated through principal component analysis and the subordinate function method. The results show that K＋/Na＋, photosynthetic gas exchange parameters and agronomic traits were significantly different among the ten genotypes under drought stress treatment and control. The average plant height, yield, and net photosynthetic rate （P,） were significantly lower under drought stress treatment than those in control at P〈0.05 level. The ranking of K＋/Na＋ in different parts were basal stem〉stem〉leaf〉root, suggesting the selectiveness for maize in ion uptake and transportation and the ability to store Na＋ in root and K＋ in basal stem. According to synthetic evaluation value（D） reflecting the comprehensive drought resistance, the ranking of ten maize varieties was A lll-3/H242〉HoViYl〉 Bei21/A58〉A3/A18 Gao〉WY2〉Ning3/1522〉H237/A 18〉Guiqingchu-1 〉H237/1506〉A3/A 18.