铝电解质体系中锂的富集机制与应对措施分析

Analysis on enrichment mechanism of Li in the aluminum electrolyte and its measures

在冰晶石-氧化铝熔盐铝电解工艺中,金属锂盐可作为一种重要的铝电解质体系添加剂。如果氧化铝中金属锂盐含量增加,长期使用高锂盐的氧化铝,在一定铝电解工艺技术条件下,会造成铝电解时电解质中的锂含量逐渐升高,对生产造成了不利影响,直接影响铝电解的电流效率和能耗。本文从氧化铝生产工艺、铝土矿品质、矿耗及铝电解温度、槽电压、电流密度、槽寿命等几方面对金属锂盐在铝电解体系中的富集机制进行了研究,分析其影响因素,并提出其相应的解决措施。

Primary aluminum is produced in aluminum reduction cells by Hall - Hereult process, Lithium fluoride is a main additive. With the use of lithium - rich alumina, the content of lithium in aluminum electrolyte is increasing continuously, which has a negative impact on production. In this paper, the Li enrichment mechanism in aluminum electrolyte is researched from the aspects of alumina process, the A/S of bauxite, the bauxite consumption and aluminum reduction temperature, cell voltage, current density and cell life, the influencing factors are analyzed and the measures are proposed.