2011-2015年丰台区晚发现HIV/AIDS病例的流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of the late diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases in Fengtai district,Beijing during 2011-2015

目的了解2011-2015年北京市丰台区新报告艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人(简称HIV/AIDS病人)中的晚发现情况,采取针对性措施促进病例早发现。方法从中国艾滋病综合防治信息系统中,选择2011-2015年北京市丰台区新报告的HIV/AIDS病例,对其进行流行病学特征分析。结果 2011-2015年丰台区新报告HIV/AIDS病例共1 784例,其中晚发现病例370例。各年晚发现病例的比例依次为16.59%(34/205)、23.51%(75/319)、19.67%(72/366)、21.54%(101/469)和20.71%(88/425)。不同特征的晚发现病例的比例不同,女性、老年人和北京户籍晚发现比例较高,经同性性途径感染病例的晚发现比例明显低于异性性途径感染者(χ~2=24.474,P<0.001);来源于医疗机构的病例晚发现的比例高于专题调查和咨询检测的病例(χ~2=44.006,P<0.001)。结论 2011-2015年,丰台区新报告HIV/AIDS病例数呈上升趋势。未来工作中要更加关注老年人、女性、北京户籍和已婚人群的宣传检测,并加强医疗机构医务人员主动提供HIV咨询与检测的宣传和检测力度,扩大人群检测覆盖面,促进高危人群的早期发现。

Objective To understand the situation of late diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases in Fengtai district,2011-2015,to provide scientific evidence for early detection of HIV/AIDS.Methods All reported HIV/AIDS cases were analyzed,who were collected from the national information system for comprehensive AIDS prevention and control in Fengtai district during 2011-2015.Results Among the reported 1784 HIV/AIDS cases,370 cases were diagnosed late,with the proportions of 16.95%（34/205）,23.51%（75/319）,19.67%（72/366）,21.54%（101/469） and 20.71%（88/425）.Among the late diagnosed cases,the proportions of female,elderly people and Beijing citizens were higher,and the rate of unmarried cases（16.64%） was lower.18.15% got infected via homosexual transmission,lower than those via heterosexual transmission（χ~2=24.474,P0.001）.26.98% of late diagnosed cases was detected from medical institutions,higher than those detected in special surveys and VCT clinics（χ~2=44.006,P0.001）.Conclusion The situation of the reported HIV/AIDS cases in Fengtai district is rising from 2011 to 2015.More attention should be paid to the elderly people,women,Beijing residents and married people.To promote early HIV detection among high risk behavior groups,we need to enhance provider-initiated testing and counseling（PITC）and expand HIV testing coverage.