原油有机氯的形态分析及脱除

Structure identification and removal of organic chlorides in crude oil

以萃取脱氯为主要方法,测试了三乙基苄基氯化铵、三乙胺、二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)以及浓脱氯剂(TC-F)对油品中的氯元素的脱除效果,对提取出来的氯元素进行了形态分析。结果表明:TC-F可成功萃取大部分有机氯,萃取剂与油样的质量比为16.67%时洗涤纯化后的萃取率达到80.99%。有机氯的形态主要为5-氯,2-甲基苯胺、2,6-二氯,3-甲基苯胺及其同分异构体等苯胺类物质。使用TC-F脱氯剂在剂油比为1%时就能达到82.28%的脱氯率,剂油比8%时脱氯率为92.28%,再增加剂油比对脱氯率的提升不明显。该萃取脱氯的反应速度较快,在1%的剂油比时13 min即可反应完成。若使用脱氯剂B,在剂油比为6%之前其效果比TC-F脱氯剂好,剂油比6%时脱氯率89.57%,但剂油比继续提高时效果没有明显提升,而TC-F脱氯剂可达到92.77%,TC-F与脱氯剂B复配脱氯率提升1~3百分点,但加入脱氯剂B会引入硫杂质,因此推荐优先使用TC-F脱氯剂。

The extraction dechlorination process was applied to test the removal effect of chlorines in the oil by triethylbenzylammonium, triethylamine, N-Dimethylformamide （DMF） and dechlorination agent TC-F, and the chlorines extracted were analyzed The results show that the dechlorination agent TC-F can successfully ex- tract most of organic chlorides. The extraction rate after passivation is as high as 80.99% when the extractant to oil ratio is 16. 67%. The organochlorine impurities are mainly 5-chloro-2-methylaniline and 2,6-dichloro-3- methylaniline. The dechlorination rate is as high as 82.28% at a 1% of TC-F dechlorinating agent to oil ratio. When the agent to oil is 8%, the dechlorination rate is 92.28%. Further increase of agent to oil ratio has no ob- vious impact on dechlorination rate. The extraction dechlorination reaction is very fast and it can be completed within 13 minutes at a 1 agent to oil ratio. When dechlorination agent B is used, the dechlorination result at an agent to oil of no greater than 6% is better than that of dechlorination agent TC-F, and the dechlorination rate is 89.57% at an agent to oil ratio of 6%. Further increase of agent to oil ratio has no obvious effect on the rise of the performance of dechlorination agent B. The dechlorination rate of dechlorination agent TC-F can reache 92.77%. The application of dechlorination agent compounded with dechlorination agent TCF and dechlorination agent B can raise the dechlorination rate by 1.0 - 3.0 percent. Whereas, the addition of dechlorination agent B will bring in sulfide impurities, and dechlorination agent TC-F should be first selected for application.