马王堆帛书《五十二病方》中药物的先煎与后下之我见

Discussion of Earlier-and Later-decocted Chinese Materia Medica in Wushi'er Bingfang

目的:在文献整理的基础上,分析研究马王堆帛书《五十二病方》中临证施治时药物特殊制法的经验、认识,归纳、整理包括先煎、后下等方剂,为现代药物炮制、临床调剂等提供参考。方法:立足中药特殊用法,从"先煎与后下"入手,对马王堆帛书《五十二病方》进行了摘录、分类、总结与分析,选取具有代表性的方剂进行剖析,并与现代研究展开对比、讨论。结论:共得到含有先煎制法的方剂4首、后下的12首,包括麦秆或稻秆、菱角、牛肉等先煎药物,动物脂膏、厚朴、食醋、烧酒、蜂蜜、水银等后下药物,厘清了本书中药物先煎与后下的内容。其中"真伪"与"去存"尚需深入研究、加以验证。

Objective：To analyze the experience and idea about earlier-and later-decocted formula in Wushi＇er Bingfang,thus providing herb processing and cooking reference in clinical practice based on literature review.Methods：Centering on the special processing method：earlier and later-decocted,to select representative formula in analysis,discussion and comparison between modern formula.Conclusion：The recorded methods and processing procedure of Chinese materia medica （CMM） in this books could give insights to reasonable usage of CMM.Besides,more modern experiments and observations must be carried out to validation and further clinic application.