施氮量和种植密度对弱筋小麦宁麦18籽粒产量和蛋白质含量的影响

Effect of Nitrogen Application Rate and Plant Density on Grain Yield and Protein Contents of Weak Gluten Wheat Cultivar Ningmai 18

【目的】明确最佳施氮量和种植密度以提高弱筋小麦产量和品质。【方法】以优质高产弱筋小麦宁麦18为试验材料,在大田条件下设置4个施氮水平(120、180、240、300 kg/hm2)和4个种植密度(120、180、240、300万株/hm2),研究施氮量和种植密度对宁麦18籽粒产量与蛋白质含量的影响。【结果】施氮量和种植密度均显著影响宁麦18的产量及其产量构成因素。宁麦18的籽粒产量随施氮量和种植密度的增加而增加,但施氮量和种植密度超过适宜值(即施氮量N 180 kg/hm2、种植密度240万株/hm2)后,籽粒产量呈明显下降趋势。增施氮肥显著提高宁麦18籽粒蛋白质含量,但施氮水平为N 240和300 kg/hm2的处理间籽粒蛋白质含量差异不显著。种植密度对籽粒蛋白质含量的影响不明显。【结论】在本试验条件下,实现宁麦18高产与优质相结合的适宜施氮量为N 180 kg/hm2,种植密度为240万株/hm2。

[ Objective ] The present study was conducted to verify the optimum nitrogen application rate and plant density for high yield and better quality in weak gluten wheat production. [ Method ] The weak gluten wheat cultivar（ Ningmai 18 ） was used as tested material. The experiments were conducted to study the effect of nitrogen application rate （ 120, 180, 240 and 300 kg/hm2 ） and plant density （ 120 × 104, 180× 104 , 240×104 and 300×104 seedlings/hm2 ） on the grain yield and protein content of Ningmai 18 for 2012 - 2013. [ Result] The ni- trogen level and plant density significantly affected on the grain yield and components of Ningmai 18. The grain yield increased with the in- crease of N level and plant density, however, the grain yield was significantly decreased when the nitrogen level was more than N 180 kg/ hm2and the plant density was more than 240 x 104 seedlings/hm2. The increase of N significantly increased grain protein content, however, there was no significant difference between 240 and 300 kg N/hm2 on grain protein content. Plant density did not result in the significant change of grain protein content. [ Conclusion] As far as the grain yield and protein content were concerned, the most optimal nitrogen applica- tion rate and plant density for Ningmai 18 were 180 kg N/hm2 and 240 × 104seedlings/hm2 , respectively.