施氮方式对强筋小麦产量和品质性状的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Application Method on Yield and Quality of Strong Gluten Wheat

为完善强筋小麦栽培技术体系提供理论参考。以强筋小麦‘洲元9369’为试验材料,系统研究了施氮量、基追比例、追氮时期对强筋小麦产量和品质性状的影响。结果表明:强筋小麦籽粒产量和粗蛋白含量在一定范围内均随施氮量的增加而增加,产量与施氮量呈二次曲线关系,本试验中300 kg/hm2为最适宜施氮量;产量随追肥比例的减少先增后减,籽粒粗蛋白含量随追肥比例的减少而减少,试验中以3:7为最适宜基追比例;不同追氮时期对强筋小麦籽粒产量和品质性状影响不一,本试验中拔节期进行氮肥的追施为最适宜追氮时期。试验形成了施氮量300 kg/hm2、氮肥基施30%:拔节期追施70%的氮肥运筹方案。

The study aims to improve the cultivation technology system of strong gluten wheat. The strong gluten wheat ＇Zhou yuan9369＇ was used as test material, the effects of nitrogen application amount, topdressing proportion, topdressing time on yield and quality of strong gluten wheat were studied. The results showed that the yield and crude protein content increased with the increasing of nitrogen application amount within a certain limit. The yield and nitrogen application amount showed quadratic curve relationship, and 300 kg/hm2 was the best nitrogen application amount in this experiment. The yield increased firstly with the decreasing of topdressing proportion, and then decreased. The crude protein content decreased with the decreasing of topdressing proportion, 3：7 was the most appropriate topdressing proportion in this experiment. Different topdressing time had different effects on grain yield and quality of strong gluten wheat, topdressing at jointing stage was the best in this experiment. The optimal plan of this experiment was nitrogen application amount 300 kg/hm^2, topdressing proportion 3：7, and topdressing at jointing stage.