论夏济安与陀思妥耶夫斯基

Dostoyevsky's Influence on Tsi-an Hsia

俄国小说巨匠陀思妥耶夫斯基对中国文艺界的影响是一个关乎中国文学以至中国文化的自省与革新的重大问题。陀氏小说所彰显的通过文学叙事深思人类本性与生命价值的创作取向与严肃态度,既与海外华文文学批评界的代表人物夏济安的心性相契合,也一举奠定了夏济安文艺价值观的思想基础。事实上,即使在当代中国文坛,也迄未出现陀氏小说式的博大、厚重、深邃的"道德反思之作"与"哲学化小说"。本文从夏济安对陀思妥耶夫斯基的接受与评价、陀思妥耶夫斯基对夏济安文艺观的影响、陀思妥耶夫斯基对夏济安创作倾向及生活态度的影响等三个方面,较全面地探讨陀氏对夏济安的影响,并对陀氏的美学精神、宗教精神对于中国文学的启示意义略加申说。

The Russian novel master Dostoyevsky and his works have a great influence on the circle of Chinese literature and art. This influence is a fairly important issue related to the introspection and innovation of Chinese literature, and even of Chinese culture. The writing to ponder over human nature and the value of life through literary narration and se- rious writing style manifested in Dostoyevsky＇s novels are in concordance with Tsi-an Hsia＇s disposition, and became the ideological basis of Tsi-an Hsia＇s values of literature and art. Actually, even in contemporary China, such vast, complex and profound ＂moral introspection works＂ and ＂philosophical novels＂ have not appeared yet. This essay looks into Dostoyevsky＇s influence on Tsi-an Hsia, and elaborates the illuminations of Dostoyevsky＇s aesthetics and religious spirit to Chinese literature through three perspec- tives： Tsi-an Hsia＇s reception of Dostoyevsky and his criticism on Dostoyevsky, Dostoyevsky＇s influence on Tsi-an Hsia＇s view on literature and art, and Dostoyevsky＇s in- fluence on Tsi-an Hsia＇s writing orientation as well as life attitude.