通向世界文学之路:民国时期中文系与外文系的世界文学课程设置与沟通

A Way to World Literature:On the Settings of World Literature Curriculum and Communication Approaches between Department of Chinese Language and Literature and Department of Foreign Language and Literature during the Period of Republic of China

民国时期,伴随着世界文学观念的普及,一些理念先进的大学开设了世界文学课程。其中最具特色的就是在中文系设置世界文学课程。这一课程模式最早可追溯至清末京师大学堂时期,民国初年和20世纪30年代后期通过国民政府教育部文件的形式得以官方化和正式化。同时,民国时期一些高校的外文系也十分重视包括中国文学在内的世界文学课程设置。1940年代中文系和外文系的沟通渐成焦点,引发了有识之士对相关系别课程设置的精密讨论。在中文系中强调借鉴世界文学的重要性,在外文系中重视中国文学功底,这种课程结构的出现,既是世界文学观念在现代中国的具体实践,也反映了民国时期的大学教育乃至国民教育理念,并直接影响了新中国成立以后世界文学课程和学科的进一步发展,带给后人诸多的历史启示。

During the period of Republic of China, with the spread of the idea of world lit- erature, some leading universities set up world literature curriculum. One of the most dis- tinctive settings was world literature curriculum in Department of Chinese Language and Literature. This curriculum pattern dated back to the late Qing Dynasty when Imperial Uni- versity of Peking was established. It was formalized through the official documents of the Ministry of Education of National Government in the early 1910s and late 1930s. Mean- while some Departments of Foreign Language and Literature also attached great importance to the consciousness of world literature, including Chinese literature. In 1940s, the com- munication between Department of Chinese Language and Literature and Department of Foreign Language and Literature aroused bitter controversy because of the same appeal of world literature.Emphasizing reference to world literature in Department of Chinese Lan- guage and Literature while valuing Chinese literature in Department of Foreign Language and Literature, the emergence of this special curriculum structure, on one hand, was the specific practice of world literature in Modern China. On the other hand, it also represented the idea of university education and even the national education concept during that period. It also directly affected further developments of curriculum and discipline of world literature after the founding of New China, and brought us profound historical enlightenment.