5种云南民族药材的用药经验及毒性和药效

Medicinal experience, toxicity and efficacy of five types of Yunnan ethnic medicine

5卷集《云南民族药志》收载了云南25个少数民族常用的1040种民族药用植物和多民族用药经验,其中有多个民族记载的有毒药材147种(剧毒5种,大毒14种,有毒57种,小毒71种)。为保障民族用药的有效性和安全性,云南省药物研究所应用现代科学技术对《云南民族药志》中收载的30种常用有毒民族药材进行安全性、有效性及生药学系统研究。本文选择其中代表性的山乌龟、金刚纂、云南蓍、老虎芋和柳兰5种民族药材,归纳总结其民族用药经验及毒性;急性毒性试验结果表明,该5种民族药材均有一定毒性;药效实验结果表明,山乌龟具有镇痛作用,金刚纂具有抗炎作用,云南蓍具有镇痛作用,老虎芋具有镇痛及镇咳作用,柳兰具有镇痛及抗炎作用。

The five volumes of Annals of National Medicine in Yunnan contain more than 1040 kinds of ethnic medicines and national medicines experiene that are commonly used by 25 minority nationalities in Yunnan. Among them, there are 147 species of toxic drugs, including five with fatal toxicity,14 with strong toxicity, 57 with toxicity, and 71 with mild toxicity. In order to guarantee the validity and safety of national drug use, Yunnan Institute of Materia Medica applied modern science and technology to study the safety, efficacy and pharmacognosy of 30 kinds of commonly used toxic folk drugs contained in Annals of National Medicine in Yunnan. This paper chooses five typical national medicinal herbs Stephania delavayi, Euphorbia neriifolia, Alocasia cucullata, Achillea wilsoniana and Chamaenerion angustifolium, and summarizes their national medicinal and toxicity experience. The results of acute toxicity test showed that the five national medicinal herbs are toxic. The pharmacodynamic experiments showed that S. delavayi has analgesic action, E.neriifolia has anti-inflammatory action, A.cucullata has analgesic and antitussive effects, Ach.wilsoniana has analgesic effect, and C.angustifolium has analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.