长链非编码RNA在肿瘤发生及发展中的作用机制

Mechanisms of long non-coding RNA in occurrence and development of tumors

长链非编码RNA（1ncRNA）是一类转录本长度〉200个核苷酸的非编码RNA（ncRNA），其在肿瘤的发生、发展中发挥重要作用。IncRNA具有多种生物学功能，可以通过诱饵分子、支架分子和向导分子等形式，在表观遗传学水平、转录水平及转录后水平，调控蛋白质编码基因的表达。IncRNA与肿瘤细胞生长和凋亡、侵袭和转移等生物学行为密切相关。进一步阐明IncRNA在肿瘤发生、发展过程中的作用机制，有望为研究者开发肿瘤诊断和治疗的新方法提供思路。笔者拟就IncRNA调控基因表达的作用机制，及其在肿瘤诊断及治疗中的作用进行综述。

Long non-coding RNAs （lncRNA） are a group of non-coding RNAs （ncRNA） with transcription 〉200 nucleotides,which play important roles in the development and progression of tumors. IncRNA have complex biological functions. They can regulate the expression of protein coding genes at epigenetic level, transcription level and post transcriptional level by means of decoy molecules, scaffold molecules and guide molecules etc.. Recent studies have revealed that lncRNA are closely related to proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration of tumor cells. Investigating the functions of lncRNA contributes to the tumor diagnosis and therapy. Such aspects about lncRNA are summarized as these functions and mechanisms of gene expression regulation, and the significance in diagnosis and treatment of tumors.