苹果的质构与感官评定相关性研究

Correlation between texture and sensory evaluation of Apple

以不同贮藏期的苹果为样品,在感官品质评定和TPA指标测定的基础上,探讨TPA参数与苹果感官指标之间的相关性,运用逐步回归分析法建立各项感官指标的预测模型并验证。结果表明,苹果的TPA参数与感官指标之间存在一定的相关性,尤其与口感质地(硬度、黏性、弹性、内聚性、耐咀性、回复性的r值分别为0.992 3,0.991 9,0.936 8,0.952 3,0.951 3,0.936 5)和手感质地(硬度、黏性、弹性、内聚性、耐咀性、回复性的r值分别为0.926 1,0.954 7,0.901 1,0.945 8,0.912 2,0.921 9)间呈极强的正相关;TPA质地参数中硬度、黏性、弹性、内聚性、耐咀性、回复性与感官评定指标的外观、气味、风味、口感质地、手感质地及感官评定总分间存在显著相关性(外观、气味、风味、口感质地、手感质地的R^2值分别为0.644,0.569,0.819,0.959,0.915);黏性和内聚性对苹果各项感官指标的预测具有重要的作用。采用苹果TPA质地特性参数预测其感官品质的方法是可行的,研究为利用TPA参数客观评价苹果的感官品质提供理论依据。

The sensory quality and TPA parameters of apple in different storage were measured,and the textural characteristics were analyzed using Texture profile analysis（TPA）and sensory quality evaluation.To explore the correlation between TPA parameters and sensory index of apple,the prediction models of each sensory index were established by stepwise regression analysis and then were verified.The results indicated that apple TPA parameters has a certain correlation with its sensory index,especially with taste quality（the rvalue of the hardness,viscosity,elasticity,cohesiveness,chewiness and resilience were 0.992 3,0.991 9,0.936 8,0.952 3,0.951 3,and0.936 5,respectively）and feel quality（the r-value of the hardness,viscosity,elasticity,cohesiveness,chewiness and resilience were0.926 1,0.954 7,0.901 1,0.945 8,0.912 2,and 0.921 9,respectively）.Significant correlation were found between TPA parameters of hardness,including viscosity,elasticity,cohesiveness,chewiness,resilience and sensory evaluation indexes of appearance,i.e.odor,flavor,taste quality,feel quality and sensory evaluation scores（R^2=0.56-0.96,the R^2-value of the appearance,odor,flavor,taste quality,feel quality were 0.644,0.569,0.819,0.959,and0.915 1,respectively）.Viscous（X2）and cohesion（X4）played important roles in predicting sensory index of apple.It was feasible to predict the sensory quality of apply by using its TPA texture parameters,and the research provided a theoretical basis of apple sensory evaluation by using objective evaluation of TPA parameters.