颈动脉超声在无症状脑梗死患者中的应用分析

The applicative analysis of carotid ultrasound in patients with asymptomatic cerebral infarction

目的分析无症状脑梗死患者的颈动脉超声特点及应用价值。方法选取2015-12—2016-11于我院接受治疗的无症状脑梗死患者40例(观察组),症状性脑梗死40例(症状组),另选取健康体检者32例为对照组,回顾性分析其颈动脉彩超特征。结果斑块检出率、IMT厚度、Crouse斑块积分及斑块形态3组组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);狭窄程度观察组与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组与症状组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);3组颈内动脉血流参数比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),颈总动脉血流参数观察组与症状组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论存在颈部动脉硬化及斑块但尚未明确诊断无症状脑梗死者,颈动脉彩超观察斑块的形态和性质尤为重要;诊断明确的无症状脑梗死患者,应常规筛查颈动脉超声评估斑块情况,定期监测颈动脉斑块及血流参数变化,给予早期干预,预防疾病进一步发展。

Objective To analyze the features and application value of carotid ultrasound in patients with asymptomatic cer- ebral infarction. Methods We selected 40 patients with asymptomatic cerebral infarction （observation group） and 40 patients with symptomatic cerebral infarction （symptomatic group） in our hospital from December 2015 to November 2016. Both groups were compared with 32 healthy subjects （control group）, by analyzing the features of color Doppler ultrasonography in carotid artery retrospectively. Results The three groups showed statistically significant differences in plaque detection rate, IMT thickness, Crouse plaque and plaque morphological （P〈0.05）. The degree of stenosis between the observation group and the control group was statistically significant （P〈0.05） ,but no statistically significant difference was found between the observation group and the symptom group （P〈0.05）. The comparison of blood flow parameters in the three groups was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. The comparison of the blood flow parameters of carotid artery between the observation group and the symptom group was statisti- cally significant （P〈0.05）, but no statistically significant difference was found between the observation group and the control group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion It is important for the patients with carotid atherosclerosis and plaques who have no symptoms of asymptomatic cerebral infarction to observe the morphology and properties of the plaque by using the carotid artery Color Doppler ultrasound. For the patients diagnosed with asymptomatic cerebral infarction,we should assess the status of plaque with routine screening and regularly monitor the carotid plaque and change of blood flow parameter by using carotid ultrasound in order to give an early intervention to prevent further development of the disease.