马克思经济学视域下利润分享的逻辑

The Logic of Profit-sharing in the View of Marx Economics

在马克思经济学分析框架中,利润分享是劳动者在获得工资后还能分享到剩余价值的一部分,其依据是劳动力价值。高技能劳动者由于知识含量和技能水平较高造成劳动力商品的稀缺性或不可替代性,是其获得利润分享的根本原因。高技能劳动者积累的大量专用性资产、高技能劳动者的积极性唯有"激励"而非"压榨"的特性是其参与利润分享的重要因素。高技能劳动者参与利润分享的比例与劳动者的价值创造能力呈正相关关系;在企业内部,当高技能劳动者是强势一方时,通过获得企业的剩余控制权,会在一定程度上侵蚀资本所有者的利益,进而表现出"劳动雇佣资本"的逻辑。

In the framework of Marx＇s economic workers can share after deducting wages, which is analysis, Profit - sharing is part of the surplus value that based on the value of labor force. The high - skilled work- ers＇ scarcity or irreplaceability of labor goods derived from the higher knowledge content and skill level is the fundamental reason for their profit - sharing. A large number of specialized assets accumulated by high - skilled workers and the characteristics of their enthusiasm can only be ＂encouraged＂ rather than ＂ squeezed＂ are two important factors in their profit - positively related to their value creation sharing. The proportion of profit - sharing of high - skilled workers is ability. When high -skilled workers are mighty and obtaining the re- sidual control rights of enterprise, they will erode the interests of capital owners and show the logic of ＂labor - employing- capital＂.