严寒地区雪景观视觉舒适度研究

Research on the Visual Comfort of Snowscape in Cold Area

严寒地区积雪期长,雪景观对户外环境的视觉舒适度形成了不同的影响。实验以雪景观图片为素材,利用打分法和图片分析法获取数据,通过数据统计分析发现,雪景观对视觉舒适度有不利影响。其中,高亮度雪占整个图像面积的比例与视觉舒适度呈负相关;丰富的景观层次、色彩有助于提升雪环境中的视觉舒适度。基于以上分析,提出了通过植物种植、地形处理、园林建筑小品设计、视野控制等措施来减少视域中高亮雪面积比例、增加景观层次、丰富景观色彩,从而提升风景园林中雪景视觉舒适度的对策,以期对提高严寒地区雪景观舒适度提供借鉴和参考。

Snowscape has different effects on visual comfort in outdoor environment because of long period of snow cover in cold region. In the experiment, the authors used snowscape image as material and adopted the method of scoring and picture analysis to obtain related data. The statistical analysis revealed that snowscape has adverse influences on visual comfort. Among them, the ratio of high brightness snow in the whole image was negatively correlated with visual comfort whereas the abundance of the landscape gradation and the color was useful to enhance that comfort. Based on the above, the paper proposes some countermeasures, such as planting, terrain processing, landscape building, viewshed controlling and so on, which can decrease the ratio of the high brightness snow and increase the landscape gradation and colors in order to provide effective reference on improving visual comfort of the snowscape in the cold region in the landscape architecture.