吸烟对40岁以上人群的肺功能的影响

Effects of cigarette smoking status on lung function in Chinese people 40 years of age or over

【摘要】目的观察吸烟对40岁以上人群的肺功能的影响。方法本研究前瞻性调查了2682例居民的吸烟状况、规律合并用药情况、性别、年龄、身高、体质量等资料，并进行了肺通气功能检测。结果随访时间2年。2290例（85．4％）得到了有效随访，其中1197例（52．3％）从不吸烟，467例（20．4％）曾经吸烟，626例（27．3％）现吸烟。三组人群的年龄、性别、BMI、肺功能、cOPD患者例数及合并用药差异均有统计学意义。随访结果显示，肺功能FEV1、FEV1％pred、FVC、FEV1／FVC均逐年下降。经调整上述差异性变量（年龄、性别、BMI、COPD患者例数、合并用药及基线肺功能），曾吸烟组肺功能FEV1（P=0．030）、FEV1％pred（P=0．011）和FEV1／FVC（P〈0．001）较从不吸烟组显著下降。现吸烟组FEV1／FVC较从不吸烟组下降快。结论从不吸烟居民肺功能下降最慢，提倡不吸烟或尽可能早期戒烟。

Objective To observe the effect of smoking status on lung function in Chinese people 40 years of age by a 2-year longitudinal follow-up. Methods This study prospectively investigated 2 682 cases of pulmonary ventilation function, smoking status, regularity of residents drug combination and gender, age, height, weight and other information, observation time for two years, 2 290 people （85.4%） complete the follow-up study. Results Of the 2 290 people, 1 197 people （52.3%） are never-smokers, 467 people （20.4%） are ex-smokers, 626 people （27.3%） are current smokers. There were statistically significant differences in the number of age, sex, BMI, tung function COPD and combination therapy among the three groups. After 2 years of follow-up, results show that the lung function FEV1, FEV1% pred, FVC, FEV1/ FVC showed decreased year by year. After adjusted the difference variables, It showed that, to compared with never smokers, ex-smokers significantly reduced lung function FEV1, FEV1%pred and FEV1/ FVC, P values were 0. 030, 0. 011 and 〈0. 001, current smokers significantly reduced lung function FEV1/FVC. Conclusions Never-smokers have the slowest decline in lung function, We advocate non smoking or smoking as early as possible.