儿童过敏性紫癜早期肾损伤的危险因素分析

Risk factors of early renal damage in children with Henoch Schonlein purpura

目的分析儿童过敏性紫癜(HSP)早期肾损伤的相关危险因素。方法回顾性分析2012年4月至2016年1月收治的196例HSP患儿的临床资料,按是否发生早期肾损伤(确诊至90d内)分为肾损伤组与无肾损伤组,比较2组血清免疫球蛋白、尿微量清蛋白及相关临床资料的差异,筛选影响儿童HSP早期肾损伤发生的高危因素。结果肾损伤组年龄、关节症状、紫癜反复发作、持续皮疹、消化道出血、腹痛与无肾损伤组比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2值或t值分别为11.345、16.223、11.275、43.211、12.592、17.771,P<0.05);肾损伤组白细胞计数、血小板计数、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)水平、尿微量清蛋白水平与无肾损伤组比较,差异有统计学意义(t=33.750、60.442、9.451、8.458,P<0.05)。多因素回归分析显示,年龄(OR=2.703)、紫癜反复发作(OR=2.721)、持续皮疹(OR=1.782)、消化道出血(OR=11.472)、腹痛(OR=2.046)、IgA水平(OR=1.221)、尿微量清蛋白(OR=3.214)均为儿童HSP早期肾损伤的独立危险因素。结论年龄、紫癜反复发作、持续皮疹、消化道出血、腹痛、IgA水平、尿微量清蛋白均与儿童HSP早期肾损伤密切相关。

Objective To analyze the risk factors of early renal damage in children with Henoch Schonlein purpura（HSP）.Methods The clinical data of 196 children with HSP admitted to our hospital from April 2012 to January 2016 were analyzed retrospectively.They were divided into the renal damage group and non-renal damage group within 90 dafter confirmed diagnosis.The related clinical data such as serum immunoglobulin and urinary microalbumin were compared between the two groups,and the risk factors of early renal damage in children with HSP were screened.Results There were significant differences between the two groups on age,joint symptoms,recurrent purpura,persistent rash,gastrointestinal bleeding and abdominal pain（with χ2 or t of 11.345,16.223,11.275,43.211,12.592,17.771,P〈0.05）.The white blood cell count,platelet count,immunoglobulin A（IgA）level and urinary albumin level also showed significant differences between the two groups（t=33.750,60.442,9.451,8.458,P〈0.05）.The multivariate regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors for early renal damage in children with HSP included age（OR=2.703）,recurrent purpura（OR=2.721）,persistent skin rash（OR=1.782）,gastrointestinal bleeding（OR=11.472）,abdominal pain（OR=2.046）,IgA level（OR=1.221）and urine microalbumin（OR=3.214）.Conclusion Age,recurrent purpura,persistent skin rash,gastrointestinal bleeding,abdominal pain,IgA level and urine microalbumin are closely related to early renal damage in children with HSP.