青皮竹和慈竹不同发育期竹材解剖特征研究

Anatomical Characteristics of Bambusa texlilis McClure and Bambusa emeiensis in Different Growth Periods

实验观测了青皮竹(Bambusa textilis McClure)和慈竹(B.emeiensis)不同发育期(竹笋、幼竹和成年竹)的解剖特征,包括组织比量、基本组织、维管束及纤维形态的变化。结果表明,随着发育成熟,2个竹种的基本组织比量都呈现下降趋势,而输导组织和纤维组织则呈现不同程度的增长趋势。基本组织的减小量基本上等于纤维组织和输导组织的增加量。在同一发育期慈竹的维管束密度大于青皮竹。纤维长度随着竹龄的增加而变长和增宽,在同一发育期,纤维细胞的直径中部大于基部和顶部。竹子发育期间,纤维直径、双壁厚、长宽比及腔径比都随竹龄增加而增大,壁腔比则呈现下降趋势。2种竹材维管束的径向宽度均大于其弦向宽度。

The anatomical characteristics of Bambusa textilis McClure and B. emeiensis,including tissue proportion,fundamentalist tissue,vascular bundles and fiber morphology,were observed and studied through experiments for their different growth periods,i. e.,shoot,young bamboo and mature bamboo. The results indicated that the fundamental tissue proportion of the two bamboo species decreased with increasing culm age,while the vascular tissue and fiber tissue increased in amount with increasing culm age; the decreased amount of fundamental tissue was basically compensated by the increased amount of fiber tissue and vascular tissue. The density of vascular bundle was greater in B. texlilis than in B. emeiensis when they were in the same growth period. Fiber length grew longer and wider with the culm age increasing,and fiber cell diameter was larger at middle height than at the culm base and top. In the culm growth,the fiber diameter,fiber wall thickness,aspect ratio,and the ratio between lumen diameter and fiber width increased with the increasing culm age,while the ratio between the double wall thickness and lumen diameter decreased with the increasing age. The vascular bundles of the both species have the larger radial width than the tangential width.