铁路用塑料轨枕与合成材料轨枕设计方法分析

Design Method Analysis of Plastic Sleeper and Synthetic Material Sleeper for Railway Use

轨枕是有砟轨道结构中重要的部件,目前轨枕材料主要是木材、钢材和混凝土。近年来,由于耐久性好、不易腐蚀、便于运输铺设等特性,塑料轨枕与合成材料轨枕在世界铁路领域逐渐得到发展和应用。目前尚无塑料轨枕与合成材料轨枕的设计规范,仅依据工程经验及相关技术指南来设计。本文总结梳理了不同材质轨枕的使用和设计情况,对比了不同材质轨枕的材料特性、伤损类型及伤损主要影响因素,重点分析了目前常用的容许应力法和极限状态法2种结构设计方法的特点。对比分析结果表明,极限状态设计法具有更大优势。建议利用该方法对塑料轨枕与合成材料轨枕开展标准设计和产品优化工作。

Sleeper is an important component of ballasted track structure and sleeper materials are mainly wood, steeland concrete at present. In recent years, plastic sleeper and synthetic material sleeper gradually developed and wereapplied in the field of world railw ay because of their good durability,corrosion resistance and convenienttransportation and laying easily . There are no design specif ications for plastic sleepers and synthetic material sleepers,and the design is only on the basis of engineering experience and related technical guidelines. The service and designcondition of sleeper with different materials were summarized, the material characteristics, damage types and the mainfactors producing the damages for sleeper with different materials were compared. The characteristics of tw o kinds ofstructural design methods w ere analyzed emphatically in this paper, which were the allow able stress method and thelimit state method. T he comparative analysis results show s that the limit state design method has more advantages,which should be applied to the standard design and product optimization for plastic sleeper and synthetic materialsleeper .