资本类型如何影响新生代农村劳动力非农就业质量?——来自江苏的证据

How Does Capital Type Influence Non-farm Employment Quality for Jiangsu Province?

新生代农村劳动力的非农就业质量是稳步推进农村劳动力有序转移和加快新型城镇化建设步伐的有力保障。利用江苏农户调研资料,首先归纳总结该群体的非农就业质量现状,发现非农就业质量的经济性、发展性、稳定性等客观指标和主观感知体验水平较高,但存在明显的群体分化特征。然后利用结构方程模型深入剖析资本类型对非农就业质量的影响机制和作用路径。研究表明,受教育程度为主的个体资本不仅对非农就业质量产生直接正影响,而且通过就业区域和就业时间对非农就业质量产生间接正影响,且直接正影响强于间接正影响。社交网络为主的社会资本主要对非农就业质量产生间接正影响。资本类型对非农就业质量的客观性指标如稳定性、发展性指标的影响高于经济性指标,同时高于自我感知体验等主观性指标。最后结合研究结论,提出提升群体受教育水平、构建多维度非农就业权益保障机制与公共就业服务体系、优化产业区域布局与发挥城市集聚效应,以及增强产业创新能力和发展效率等系列改善新生代农村劳动力非农就业质量的政策建议。

The non-farm employment quality of the young rural labor force ensures to promote rural labor force transfer orderly and speed up the pace of urbanization. Firstly,based on survey data for Jiangsu province,this paper summarizes the present situation of the group's non-farm employment quality,and then finds some employment quality 's objective indicators as economy,development and stability,with some subjective indicators reaching high level,but meanwhile the feature has an obvious polarization in the group. Secondly,the paper analyzes the influence mechanism for capital type on non-farm employment quality by structural equation model. It shows that personal capital not only has a direct positive effect on employment quality,but also brings indirect positive effect on it through employment area and employment time,and the direct positive effect is stronger than the indirect positive effect. Social capital mainly formed by social network has an indirect positive impact on employment quality. What 's more,some objective indicators for stability and development are influenced more than economy indicators and some subjective indicators such as self perception experience. At last,this paper proposes such policy suggestions as raising education level,constructing employment rights protection mechanism and public employment service system,optimizing industry regional distribution,exerting the effect of urban agglomeration,and promoting industry innovation capability and development efficiency for the purpose of improving the quality of non-farm employment.