2008—2016年长春市报告HIV/AIDS流行特征分析

Popularcharacteristics of HIV/AIDS in Changchun City(2008-2016)

目的掌握2008—2016年长春市艾滋病病毒感染者(HIV)/艾滋病患者(AIDS)流行特征,为艾滋病防治提供依据,提高防治成效。方法使用SPSS 19.0软件对2008—2016年长春市HIV/AIDS流行病学资料进行统计分析。结果 2008—2016年共报告3 232例HIV/AIDS,男女性别比为13.89:1,各年间性别构成比差异有统计学意义(χ~2=23.12,P=0.003);经性接触传播为主要传播途径(98.51%),近几年同性传播构成比明显上升;年龄以20~49岁为主(78.03%),历年均有一定比例的50岁以上中老年病例报告,不同年份之间年龄构成差异有统计学意义(χ~2=265.566,P<0.001);职业分布以家政、家务及待业最多,占总人数的37.28%,其次分别为农民、商业服务和工人,学生人群所占的比例近3年均>8.00%。结论长春市艾滋病疫情呈上升趋势,性接触传播已成为主要途径,男男性行为者感染率快速上升,中老年人、青年学生已成为需要特别关注的人群,艾滋病防控工作需加强艾滋病宣传教育和艾滋病检测力度,提高预防和治疗服务的可及性,扩大HIV/AIDS密切接触者的告知范围,以控制疫情的进一步上升。

Objective To analyze the epidemic situation and characteristics of HIV/AIDS in Changchun,provide scientific basis and effect of HIV/AIDS prevention and control. Methods By using the SPSS 19. 0 software tool to analyse the data which collected from the epidemic situation investigation of HIV/AIDS during the period of 2008 and 2016 in Changchun. Results A total of 3232 HIV/AIDS cases were reported from 2008 to 2016 in Changchun,the ratio of male to femal was 13. 89： 1,there the proportion of male and female would be some statistical difference（ χ~2= 23. 12,P = 0. 003） in each of the years; the major routine of HIV/AIDS transmission was through sexual contact. In recent years,the proportion of homosexual transmission has increased significantly; The age of patients with HIV/AIDS were mainly between 20 and 49 years old（ accounted for 78. 03%）. Over the past few years there were certain proportion of 50 years of age or older cases reported. there the proportion of the age would be some obviously statistical difference（ χ~2= 265. 566,P = 0. 001） in each of the years; The occupation distribution of patients with HIV/AIDS,the most common,were in housekeeping,housework and unemployment（ accounted for 37. 28%） and the others are followed by farmers,business services staff,workers,and students（ accounted for over 8% in the past three years）. Conclusion The epidemic situation of AIDS showed an upward trend in Changchun,sexual contact transmission has become the main way,the infection rate was increasing rapidly in the MSM group espetially for the middle aged and elderly people and young student being observed in recent years. Need to strengthen AIDS education and AIDS detection efforts,improve access to preventive and therapeutic services,expand the noticed scope of HIV/AIDS close contacts in order to control the further rise of the AIDS epidemic situation.