大一新生自尊水平和应对方式的特点及相关性

Self-esteem levels and characteristics of scoping styles and their correlation in college freshmen

目的探讨大学新生自尊水平和应对方式的特点、关系以及心理干预的相关影响,为大学生心理健康教育工作提供科学依据和工作思路。方法采用Rosenberg自尊量表和应对方式问卷对251名大学一年级学生进行问卷调查,就自尊水平与应对方式特点进行比较及相关分析。结果大学生在应对方式上是以求助、解决问题等积极方式为主,最少选择的应对方式是自责;大学新生的自尊水平总体比较高;独生子自尊分值显著高于非独生子(t=3.135,P<0.01);相关健康教育对学生自尊水平平均分值有提升作用,但差异无统计学意义(t=-0.356,P>0.05);发现自尊水平与解决问题、求助呈显著正相关(γ=0.787,γ=0.693,P<0.01),与自责、退避则呈显著负相关(γ=-0.099,γ=-0.234,P<0.01)。结论大学生总体自尊水平较高,主要以积极应对方式表现自我,心理健康干预有良性促进作用。

Objective To explore the self-esteem levels and characteristics of coping styles and their correlation in college freshmen and explore the effect of mental intervention, so as to provide the evidence and working idea for the mental health education in college students. Methods A total of 251 college freshmen were investigated by the Rosenberg self-esteem and simple coping style questionnaire. The self-esteem levels and coping styles were compared and analyzed.Results The coping styles of college students were mainly problem-solving and help-seeking, and the lowest coping style was self-blame. The overall level of self-esteem of the freshmen was relatively high, and the self-esteem level of the onlychild freshmen was higher than that of the non-only-child freshmen（t=3.135, P〈0.01）. The related health education had a positive effect on the average score of students＇ self-esteem, but the difference was not significant（t=-0.356, P〉0.05）. The self-esteem level had a significant positive correlation with the problem-solving and help-seeking（r=0.787, r=0.693, both P〈0.01）, and a significant negative correlation with the self-blame and withdrawal（r =-0.099, r =-0.234, both P〈0.01）.Conclusion The overall level of self-esteem of college freshmen is high and the main self-expression is the positive coping style, and the mental health intervention has a positive effect.