城市高温热浪灾害防灾规划策略研究——基于欧美国家的规划经验

Study on City Heatwave Hazard Planning Strategies Based on European and North American Countries' Planning Experience

在全球气候变化的背景下,高温热浪将成为我国城市未来面临的最主要极端气候灾害之一。文章总结了英国、加拿大、美国等欧美国家应对高温热浪灾害的规划研究、实践经验,提出从两个维度构建我国城市高温热浪防灾规划体系:首先,以整合统筹的视角制定长远、常态化规划策略,提升城市整体御灾性能;其次,制定多主体参与的高温应急规划。最后着重对高温灾害高风险区的研究,使两个维度的防灾策略能有的放矢、优化配置。

With the global climate changes, heatwave will become one of the major extreme weather events for our cities in the future. Based on the analysis and summary of planning research and experience of managing heatwave hazards in Britain, Canada and America, the article suggests to construct heatwave hazard planning system from two aspects. Firstly, from an integrated perspective to make long-time and normalizing planning strategies to improve the whole city＇s adaption to hazards. Secondly, from an emergency perspective to establish a heatwave response plan with multiple participants. It is necessary to enhance the research of heatwave high-risk zone to implement those two kinds of strategies more efficiently and optimize the allocation of planning measures.