城市更新视角下的社区规划建设--国外街区制的实践与启示

Community Building under the Perspective of Urban Renewal:Inspiration from the Development of Foreign-made Blocks

街区制是众多国外社区建设的常用模式,其经验对于当前我国的社区规划建设具有诸多借鉴与启示。本文回顾国外街区制的发展历程,结合美、英、俄的街区制实践类型和实例研究,总结出国外街区制建设在街区尺度规模、用地功能混合、居住人群混合、街区安全管理、公众参与决策五个方面的发展经验,并进一步结合我国国情,提出增加路网密度、实施用地混合、推进居住人群混合、完善配套政策与管理机制、引导公众参与决策的应用策略,初步提出空间导向型、社会导向型、政策导向型三种发展模式。

Block system, which is a commonly used model of foreign communities, has experience that can be of good reference value for our country community planning. By reviewing the development of foreign- made blocks, combined with the practical experience in the United States, United Kingdom, and Russia, experience could be concluded from the development of five areas including scale size of blocks, mixed land use function, mixed people living lifestyle, blocks＇ safety management and public participation in decision-making. Then based upon these,this paper puts forward some strategies, such as improving road network density, land use mixing, promoting urban heterogeneity, improving the related policy, guiding the public to participate in the implementationsuggestions, and presenting three development models space of oriented model, social oriented model and policy oriented model.