技术融合、竞争协同与新兴产业绩效提升——基于全球生物芯片产业的实证研究

Technological convergence,coopetition and performance improvement in the emerging industry——An empirical analysis based on the global biochip industry

跨产业间的技术融合已成为诱发新兴产业形成并提升其绩效的重要因素。利用EPO-PATSTAT数据库搜索出生物芯片产业13101项专利数据,利用Datastream、Osiris、Amadeus企业数据库搜集335家生物芯片企业财务数据。运用N指数、辛普森多样性指数和香农-维纳指数方法,依据专利数据,测算生物芯片产业技术融合宽度和深度。采用面板数据的GLS回归方法,依据2001-2013年间生物芯片产业20个样本企业专利数据和财务数据,实证分析技术融合引发新型竞争协同关系最终提升战略性新兴产业绩效的机理。研究表明:技术融合度对产业绩效有明显的提升作用,同时提高技术融合的宽度与深度更能带动产业发展;产业融合创新对产业绩效的作用机制随着产业的成长趋势呈现一条开口向下的"倒U型"曲线。这一研究具有重要的政策启示:放松产业管制,加强跨产业共性技术研发,促进跨产业间的技术融合,强化跨产业间的新型竞争协同关系,更有利于战略性新兴产业的规模扩大和绩效提升。

Technological convergence across industries has become an important factor in the formation and performance improvement of emerging industries. This paper uses the EPO-PATSTAT database to search out 13101 patents of the biochip industry and uses Datastream,Osiris,Amadeus and other enterprise database to collect the financial data of 335 biochip firms. Using N index,Simpson diversity index and Shannon Wiener index methods,and based on patent data,it estimates the width and depth of the biochip industry technological convergence. By applying the GLS regression method of the panel data,and based on the patent data and financial data of 20 biochip sample enterprises from 2001 to 2013,it empirically analyze the mechanism that technological convergence induces coopetition and ultimately improves the performance of the strategic emerging industry. The results show that technological convergence can improve industry performance,which should consider both width and depth of technological convergence; the mechanism for the effect of industry convergence innovation on industrial performance is presented with an opening downward inverted U-shaped curve. This research has important policy implications： to deregulate the industry,strengthen RD of cross-industry generic technology,promote inter-industry technological convergence,and strengthen the new coopetition relationship between industries,all of these measures are more conducive to the expansion of scale and improvement of performance of the strategic emerging industries.