基于有限生命周期的产品再制造回收决策研究

A research on the decision of recycling and remanufacturing of products with limited life-cycle

再制造产品的供需情况以及再制造产品二次投放市场的时间会影响再制造活动的经济性。在产品回收价格影响回收率的前提假设下,通过构建存在有限生命周期限制下的产品销售曲线和回收曲线,将产品市场需求和再制造产品供给关系可视化,研究了再制造活动的系统最优成本以及相应的最佳回收价格和回收率。研究结果发现:1)考虑到产品市场需求有限、回收价格和回收数量的正相关性,单纯地追求制造成本最少反而可能会使供应链整体系统承担更大的成本;2)产品在闭环供应链中流动所经历的时间越长,再制造活动获得的利润越低;3)在相同的条件下,能够快速获得市场消费者认可、拥有良好市场基础的产品进行回收再制造活动能够带来更大的成本节约。上述结论为现实中企业再制造活动的回收决策提供理论帮助和方法支持。

The economics of remanufacturing depends on the quantity of products returns and on the demand for products. Under the assumptions that price of product recycling affects recycling rate,the maximized cost-savings and the corresponding optimal price and rate were analyzed by constructing the product sales curves and recovery curves with limited life cycle. The research results show that： 1） given the limited market demand and positive correlation between recycling price and recycling quantity,enterprises which simply pursue to reduce manufacturing costs may undertake greater cost; 2） the longer time the products flow in the closed-loop supply chain,the lower profits the remanufacturing activities will be obtained; 3） products which have a good customer basis and can gain consumers recognition quickly has more advantages in remanufacturing activities. These conclusions provide a theoretical and method support for the enterprise remanufacturing activities in real business.