不同防旋转基台设计对种植义齿应力分布影响的三维有限元分析

Three-dimensional finite element analysis on the stress distribution of implants with different anti-rotation abutment design

目的比较不同防旋转基台设计对种植义齿应力分布的影响,为优化种植体结构设计与临床应用提供参考。方法参考韩国Dentium系统,应用Solidworks软件建立三角、六角和八角防旋转基台的种植体三维有限元模型,利用ANSYS Workbench 14.0有限元分析软件分析垂直与斜向45°载荷下3个模型种植体及上部结构与周围骨组织的Von Mises应力分布与应力峰值情况。结果垂直载荷条件下,基台、连接螺丝、种植体及周围骨组织所受应力较小;不同的基台设计下,随着角的增多,种植体应力出现增大的趋势,连接螺丝的应力出现减小的趋势,密质骨与松质骨的应力差异不大;六角基台模型与八角基台模型的基台应力分布更均匀,六角基台模型应力峰值较小。斜向载荷条件下,各结构应力较垂直载荷变大;随着角的增多,种植体与基台的应力出现增大的趋势,连接螺丝的应力出现减小的趋势,密质骨与松质骨的应力差异不大,与垂直载荷下结果相似。结论三角基台设计与六角基台设计可能更有利于减少种植体、基台及周围骨所受应力,八角基台设计可能有利于减少连接螺丝所受应力,六角基台设计的应力分布较其他两种设计更均匀。

Objective To compare the stress distribution and the stress peak of different anti-rotation design of the implant abutment and to provide reference for optimizing the structure design and clinical application of the implant.Methods According and to Korea Dentium system,three-dimensional finite element analysis model of triangle,hexagon and octagon anti-rotation abutments were established by Solidworks.The Von Mises stress distribution and stress peak of implant,superstructures and surrounding bone tissue of three models under vertical loading and 45＆#176; inclined loading were analyzed by ANSYS Workbench14.0 finite element analysis software.Results Under the condition of vertical loading,the mechanical stress of implants,connecting screw and surrounding tissues was small.With the increasing angles of abutment,the stress of implants appeared an increasing trend,the stress of connecting screws appeared a decreasing trend and the stress of cortical bone and cancellous bone had little difference.The stress of hexagon and octagon abutment models was better distributed,and the stress peak of hexagon abutment model was smaller.Under the condition of 45° inclined loading,the mechanical stress of each part was greater,the stress of implants and abutments appeared an increasing trend,and with the increasing angles of abutment,the stress of connecting screw appeared a decreasing trend and the stress of cortical bone and cancellous bone had little difference.The results were similar with vertical loadings.Conclusion The triangle and hexagon abutment design may reduce the mechanical stress of implants,abutments and surrounding bone tissue;octagon abutment design may reduce the stress of connecting screws;the stress distribution of hexagon abutments is better.