不同品种小米矿质元素含量差异分析

Mineral Chemical Analysis of Different Foxtail Millet( Setaria italic L. Beauv) Cultivars

矿质营养是构成机体和维系生命不可或缺的成分。为了明确不同品种小米矿质元素含量的差异,测定了三个地点8个品种小米中磷(P)、钾(K)、钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)、钠(Na)、铬(Cr)、铜(Cu)、碘(I)、锰(Mn)、锌(Zn)和硒(Se)11种矿质元素的含量,采用主成分分析方法进行矿质元素含量综合评价。结果表明,小米中不同矿质元素含量的变异性存在差异,小米Na、I、Cr和Se元素含量的变异系数较大,超过5%;除K和Se以外的其他9种矿质元素含量受品种影响差异显著,除Cu以外的其他10种矿质元素含量受地区影响差异显著;利用主成分分析方法矿质元素综合表现的排序,按照品种从高到低排序为冀谷18>冀谷31>冀谷38>冀谷39>豫谷19>冀谷19>12H402>豫谷18,按照地区从高到低排序为藁城、井陉和博山。该结果对于明确谷子矿质营养价值具有重要意义,对于了解品种间和不同地点的小米矿质营养成分差异也具有较好的实用价值。

Mineral nutrients are essential components of body construction and life support. In order to investigate the differences in mineral element contents of foxtail millet cultivars, this paper tested the contents of 11 mineral elements including P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Cr, Cu, I, Mn, Zn and Se from 8 foxtail millet cultivars at 3 locations, and conducted comprehensive evaluation on their mineral element contents. The results showed that there were differences in variability of different mineral element contents in millet. The variable coefficient of Na, I, Cr and Se content were bigger（ 〉5% ）. Except K and Se, there were remarkable differences in the other 9 mineral element contents affected by cultivar. Except Cu, there were significant differences in the other 10 mineral element contents affected by location. Prineipal analysis were applied for ranking and evaluating loeations and cuhivars. Ranks by cultivars were Jigu18〉Jigu31〉Jigu38〉Jigu39〉Yugu19〉Jigu19〉 12H402〉Yugul8. Ranks by locations were Gaocheng 〉Jingxing 〉 Boshan. These results were of great significance for confirming the mineral nutrition value of millet, and also had better praetieal value for understanding the differences of mineral nutrients in different cultivars and at different locations.