70例成年艾滋病病毒感染者接种肺炎和流感疫苗随访1年效果观察

Effect of pneumococcal and influenza vaccination in 70 adult HIV-1 infected individuals:one year follow-up

目的观察成年人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficency virus,HIV)感染者接种肺炎和流感疫苗的效果,为预防机会性感染发生提供科学依据。方法对70例湖南省蓝山县接受抗病毒治疗的CD4+T细胞计数>200个/μl的HIV成年感染者实施免费23价肺炎疫苗(23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines,PPV)和流感疫苗(influenza vaccine)接种,随访1年,观察疫苗的保护率、安全性。同时,利用国家艾滋病抗病毒治疗数据管理系统,选择邻县接受抗病毒治疗的HIV成年感染者153例作为对照。结果70例接种对象无1例发生疫苗相关反应,经1年随访,肺炎样和流感样病征分别发生1例(1.43%)和10例(14.29%)。邻县对照病例153例,同期发生肺炎样和流感样病征分别8例(5.23%)和44例(28.76%)。肺炎样病征因两组患者发生人数较少,未做统计学分析。流感样病征患病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.973,P<0.05)。结论加强HIV感染者接种不同疫苗适应证研究,可能有助于通过预防接种降低HIV感染者合并其他疾病的发病和死亡率以及医疗负担。

Objective To study the effect of pneumococcal and influenza vaccination in 70 adult HIV-1infected individuals. Methods A total of 70HIV-1infected individuals with CD4^＋T cell count〉200/μl were injected 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine and influenza vaccine.The effect and safety of the vaccines were followed for one year and 153HIV-1infected individuals from a neighbor county in AIDS Antiretroviral Treatment Information System were used as the control group. Results No side reaction was reported.During the 1-year follow-up,cases with pneumonia-and influenza-like symptoms are 1（1.43%）and 10（14.29%）in the vaccination group,and 8（5.23%）and 44（28.76%）in the control group,respectively.The influenza-like symptoms between two groups are significant different（χ^2=6.973,P〈0.05）. ConclusionsIt is necessary to assess the safety and efficacy of HIV-1infected individuals with different vaccines to decrease the morbidity,mortality and medical burden of HIV-1infected individuals.