环境规制强度测算的现状及趋势

Current Situation and Trend of Evaluating Environmental Regulation Strength

环境经济实证研究中广泛运用到环境规制强度的指标,但这一指标的测算方式并不统一,使用不同测算方法得到的指标经常使得研究结论相互冲突。本文回顾国内外文献,梳理了当前国内外研究者使用的环境规制强度测算的主要方法,指出了这些方法存在数据可得性、多维性、并发性等问题,发现环境规制强度指标总体上呈现出由定性向定量指标发展、向可价值量化发展、逐步覆盖更加广泛的人类活动三个趋势。本文没有提出一个统一的衡量方法,但是提出了理想的环境规制测度的7个标准。

Indexes of environmental regulation strength are wildly used in empirical research, though there is no uniform measure. Some researches even achieved conflicting results with different indexes of environmental regulation strength. This paper reviewed main methods of measuring the strength of environmental policies to find their defects mainly existing in accessibility, multidimensionality and simultaneity. The trend of the development of the indexes is shifted from the qualitative index to the quantitative index, becoming measurable by market value and covering more activities of human being. Although it did not propose a unique measure, the paper raised seven standards for a round evaluation of environmental regulation strength.