新闻真实:数字空间中的挑战与对策

News reality: challenges and strategies in the digital space

新闻及其价值体系是新闻传播学研究的永恒主题之一,也是国家传播学理论建构的核心范畴。在数字媒介环境下,重新认知新闻的属性,阐释新闻真实的内涵,对于提高国家传播的效率,改善媒介生态,拓展国家传播的全球空间,具有重要的现实意义和理论价值。研究认为,新闻是一种人类基于新的社会现象或自然现象的信息生产与消费行为;新闻真实是保持国家新闻传播秩序化的重要前提;新闻真实存在时间、空间、领域与主体层次差异;共时与历时、相对与绝对、过程与结论、部分与全面、现象与本质、普遍与领域、客观与主观、个体与社会、性质与层次以及国别和度量,既是新闻真实的传统范畴,也是数字时代面临的严峻挑战;发现真相,保持叙事立场的客观、公正,既是新闻传播的理想追求,也是国家传播的应有境界。

News and its value system is one of the eternal themes in the study of Journalism and communication. It is also key categories of national communication studies. In the digital media environment, recognizing the nature of news and explaining connotation of news reality have important practical significance and theoretical value for the improvement of national communication efficiency and the media ecology as well as the extension of the global space of national communication. The research results show that news is a kind of information production and consumption behavior based on new social phenomenon or natural phenomenon. News reality is the important premise to maintain the order of national news communication. News reality has differences in the levels of time, space, field and subject. These categories, such as synchrony and diachrony, relativeness and absoluteness, process and conclusion, part and whole, phenomenon and essence, whole and areas, nationality and universality, objectiveness and subjectivity, individual and society, nature and level, as well as nationality and measure, are not only the traditional categories of news reality but also severe challenges in the digital age. To discover the truth and to maintain the objectivity and justice of the narrative position are not only the ideal pursuit of news communication, but also the due realm of national communication.