安徽省专科护生社区职业选择影响因素的调查研究

A study on the influencing factors of the professional choice of nursing students in Anhui

目的调查分析安徽省大中专护生社区职业选择的影响因素,为促进职业院校社区护理教育改革、指导专科护生社区就业提供参考依据。方法应用自行设计的职业院校护生社区职业选择调查问卷对1 212名大中专护生进行调查。结果在职业选择的正向影响因素中,88.78%的护生认为在社区医院工作能够更好的照顾家庭;79.04%的护生能认识到社区医疗为患者健康所系,并愿意为此奉献社区;78.38%的护生认可社区医院的工作属性。在职业选择的负向影响因素中,仅有9.08%的护生认为个人价值可以在社区卫生服务机构中实现;14.93%的护生认为福利待遇是影响社区职业选择的主要因素;25.34%的护生认为在社区工作能更好完善自身人格建设。其中,相对自由、完善人格、工作属性和职称晋升对不同学历护生社区职业选择差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而实现价值、福利待遇、照顾家庭、结交朋友、健康所系和社会关系对不同学历护生社区职业选择差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论合理的收入分配以及更有效的正确价值观引导是社区吸引人才的重要方面,让初级医疗单位成为有自身特色的事业单位将有助于吸纳更多优秀的护理院校毕业生社区就业。

Objective To investigate and analyze the influencing factors of nursing students＇ career choice in Anhui, and to provide reference for promoting the reform of community nursing education in vocational college and guiding the com- munity employment of nursing students. Methods Applying self-designed questionnaires of community career choice to survey 1 212 nursing students in vocational college. Results Among positive factors of career choice,88.78% nursing students believed that community work could better take care of the family. And 79.04% nursing students were aware of the community health care was connected to the patient＇ s health. They were willing to contribute to the community. The work attributes of community hospitals was accepted by 78.38% nursing students. Among the negative factors of career choice ,only 9.08% nursing students thought that personal value could be realized in community health service organiza- tions. And 14.93% nursing students thought that benefits were the main factors affecting the choice of community. And 25.33% nursing students believed that community work could improve their personality. Among them, there were signifi- cant differences in freedom, personality ,job attribute and promotion in the career choice of students with varied degrees （P 〈 0.05 ）. But there were no significant difference in value realization, welfare, family care, making acquaintance, healthy and social relations （P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion Reasonable income distribution and more effective guidance for cor- rect values were important aspects in attracting talents. The primary care institutions with their own characteristics will help attract more excellent college graduates in community nursing.