儿童重症监护病房脑出血患者院内感染现状分析

The status analysis of nosocomial infection in children with cerebral hemorrhage in the pediatric intensive care unit

目的分析儿童重症监护病房脑出血患者院内感染现状,为临床防治提供科学借鉴。方法选取2015年1月~2016年6月在我院儿童重症监护病房接受治疗的175例脑出血患儿作为研究对象,分析发生院内感染的病菌类型及发生感染的危险因素。结果本研究中20例患者发生院内感染,发生率为11.43%。共在患者中发现48株致病菌,其中27株(56.25%)为革兰阴性菌,12株(25.00%)为革兰阳性球菌,9株(18.75%)为真菌。年龄<3岁、GCS评分<9分、GOS评分≤3分、有侵入性操作、住院时间≥2周是儿童重症监护病房脑出血患儿发生院内感染的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论革兰阴性菌是儿童重症监护病房脑出血患者院内感染的主要病菌,而引发患者发生感染的因素有很多,医护人员必须结合患者的具体情况采取相应措施预防其发生。

Objective To analyze the status of nosocomial infection in children with cerebral hemorrhagein the intensive care unit and to provide scientific reference for clinical prevention and treatment.Methods From January 2015 to June2016,175 patients with cerebral hemorrhage who were treated in pediatric intensive care unit of our hospital were selected as the subjects.The types of pathogens and the risk factors of infection were analyzed.Results In this study,20 patients had nosocomial infections,the incidence rate was 11.43%.A total of 48 strains of pathogenic bacteria were found in the patients,of which 27（56.25%） were Gram-negative bacteria,12（25.00%） were Gram-positive cocci and 9（18.75%）were fungi.Age〈 3 years old,GCS score〈 9 points,GOS score ≤3 points,invasive operation,length of stay in hospital≥ 2 weeks in children with cerebral hemorrhage in the intensive care unit were the risk factors for nosocomial infection（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria is the main pathogen of nosocomial infection in children with cerebral hemorrhage in the pediatric intensive care unit.However,there are many factors that cause infection in patients,so medical personnel must be combined with the specific circumstances of the patients to take corresponding measures to prevent its occurrence.