网约车与巡游车的成本对比研究

Comparative Study on the Cost of Car-Hailing Service and Parade Car

为了实现出租车市场的供需平衡,需要及时对市场上的供给量和价格做出调整。文章以重庆市为例,基于出租车市场的整体供需关系和消费者效用最大化的角度,对比研究了网约车与巡游车的运营成本、定价机制、出行总成本的差异。研究结果表明,消费者选择网约车时使用成本提高,但等车的时间成本较低;网约车提高了资源配置效率,降低了无畏损失,且满足了乘客差异化的需求。因此居民要结合自身的出行目的、出行距离,选择合理的出行方式从而实现效用最大化;政府也要结合区域居民出行特征,合理管制网约车和巡游车的数量,宏观调控价格。

In order to realize the balance of supply and demand in taxi market, it is necessary to timely adjust the supply and price in the market.With Chongqing City as an example, this article compared and studied the difference between the operation cost, pricing mechanism and total travel cost of car- hailing service and parade car based on the overall supply and demand relationship of taxi market as well as the maximization of consumer utility.The research results showed that the use cost increases when consumer selected the car-hailing service, but the time cost of car waiting is low;the car-hailing service improves the resource allocation efficiency, reduces the useless loss, and meets the passenger differentiation demand.So the residents should choose the reasonable travel mode accord- ing to their own travel destination and travel distance in order to achieve the utility maximization;the government should also take into account the travel characteristics of regional residents to reasonably control the number of hailing cars and parade cars and overall regulate the prices.