乌鲁木齐市2015～2016年度城市居民癌症高风险人群筛查分析

Analysis of 2015-2016 population screen of high cancer risk urban residents in Urumqi city

目的了解乌鲁木齐市2015~2016年度城市癌症早诊早治筛查情况,为下年度开展癌症早诊早治项目工作提供依据。方法选择乌鲁木齐市的高新区(新市区)、水磨沟区、米东区、经济技术开发区、乌鲁木齐县和达坂城区6个项目区作为筛查现场,选择整群抽样的方法,对40~69岁常住居民,开展肺癌、肝癌、乳腺癌、上消化道癌和结直肠癌5大类癌症的流行病学调查和高风险评估。对检出的高危人群进行免费的临床筛查,探讨新疆城市癌症早诊早治的防治效果。结果共完成高危人群评估50 711人,评估出高危人群52 655人次,完成临床检查12 420人次,其中肺癌3 708人次,乳腺癌2 649人次,肝癌2 919人次,上消化道癌1 920人次,结直肠癌1 224人次,总任务完成率为124.2%。乳腺癌参与率最高(37.0%),结直肠癌参与率最低(11.8%)。共筛查出阳性病例1 010例,确诊癌症24例,癌症检出率为193/10万。癌症患者中早期病例19例(79.1%),23例接受治疗,治疗率为95.8%。结论有针对性对城市高风险人群进行筛查,能够发现早期肿瘤患者。仍需加强癌症防治宣传力度,优化项目筛查流程,提高参与项目的积极性,提高项目筛查效果。

Objective To understand the early detection and early treatment status of cancer in Urumqi city in the year of 2015 to 2016,and to provide working guidance for the next year. Methods Six districts of Urumqi city were selected as the target areas for the population screen,which included Gaoxin,Shuimogou,Midong,Jingjijishukaifa,Urumqi xian,and Dabancheng. Residents aged between 40 and 69 were screened using the cluster sampling method. Epidemiologic analysis and high-risk evaluation were conducted for five major types of cancer,including lung cancer,liver cancer,breast cancer,upper digestive tract cancer and colorectal cancer. Free clinical screening of the above cancers was provided for the detected high-risk population. The effect of early diagnosis and early treatment in cities of Xinjiang was evaluated. Results A total of 50 771 residents completed questionnaire survey for cancer risk assessment. High cancer risk was detected in 52 655 person-times,and clinical screens were performed in 12 420 person-times,including lung cancer in 3 708 person-times,breast cancer in 2 649 person-times,liver cancer in 2 919 person-times,upper gastrointestinal cancer in 1 920 person-times and colorectal cancer in 1 224 person-times. The total task completion rate was 124. 2%. Among these cancers,breast cancer showed the highest participation rate（ 37. 0%）,whereas colorectal cancer showed the lowest participation rate（ 11. 8%）.A total of 1 010 positive cases were screened,of which 24 cases were confirmed with cancer,with a cancer detection rate of193/100 000. Moreover,19 cases（ 79. 1%） were diagnosed in early cancer stages. Twenty-three cancer patients received treatment and the treatment rate was 95. 8%. Conclusion Targeted screen for populations with high cancer risk can be important in the detection of cancer patients at early stages. It is still necessary to strengthen cancer prevention and control,to optimize the process of cancer screening,to increase people＇ s willingness to participate in such projects,and to improve the effectiveness of cancer screening program.