垄断行业国企的竞争化改造与国企分类改革趋势

Competitive Transformation of State-owned Enterprises in Monopolized Indus-tries and the Trend of Classified Reform of State-owned Enterprises

垄断行业国有企业改革的首要任务在于打破垄断、引入竞争,即对垄断行业进行竞争化改造,包括纵向产业结构的运营模式改造和横向产业结构的竞争模式改造。深化垄断行业国有企业改革,总的方向是放松规制,包括放松进入规制和放松价格规制,在改革路径和时序上要采取平稳过渡的渐进方式,严格实施公平竞争审查制度。在国企分类改革方面,应根据国有企业的合理分类,针对不同类别的企业采取不同的改革举措。要通过界定功能、划分类别,实现分类发展、分类监管、分类定责、分类考核,提高监管的针对性、考核评价的科学性、激励的有效性,并建立起分类改革的动态调整机制。

The primary task of state-owned enterprises reform in monopolized industry is to break the monopoly and to introduce competition. Namely, the primary task is to start competitive change in monopolized industry, including the change of operation model in vertical industrial structure and the change of competition mode in horizontal industrial structure. To deepen the reform of state-owned enterprises in monopolized industry, the general direction is to relax regulation, including the relax of entry regulation and price regulation, taking a gradual smooth transition in the reform path and timing sequence, and strictly implementing fair competition review system. In the classified reform of state-owned enterprises, we should adopt different reform measures for different types of enterprises according to the reasonable classification of state-owned enterprises. Through defining function and classifying different categories, we should realize classified development, classified supervision, classified fixed-duty and classified assessment. We also should improve the pertinence of supervision, the scientific for evaluation and the effect of incentive, and establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism of classified reform.