不同栽植密度库尔勒香梨果园群体结构综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation of Different Planting Densities in Korla Fragrant Pear Orchard

了解库尔勒香梨不同栽植密度下群体结构及产量品质的差异,为选择适宜的栽植密度提供理论参考。对几种不同栽植密度库尔勒香梨树体结构、果园群体结构及产量品质进行调查,运用主成分分析法对果园群体结构及果实品质进行分析及评价。不同栽植密度8个群体结构指标可简化为树高、冠高、冠幅及新梢长度4个指标,可反映不同栽植密度果园群体结构绝大部分信息;果实品质的8个成分中,单果重、果形指数、色调角、可溶性固形物是决定果实品质的重要因子。随着密度的减小,果园群体综合得分越低;5.0 m×6.0 m果实品质最好,产量较高;2.5 m×7.0 m果实品质较差,产量高。综合评价可知,5.0 m×6.0 m果实品质最好,产量处于中等水平,群体结构合理,为较适宜的栽植密度。

The aim of the study is to understand the differences of canopy structure,yield and quality of Korla fragrant pear under different planting densities,and provide theoretical references for the selection of appropriate planting density.The tree body structure,orchard population structure,yield and quality of several different planting densities of Korla fragrant pear were investigated.And orchard population structure and fruit quality were analyzed and evaluated by using principal component analysis method.The index of different planting densities of eight population structures was simplified as four indicators：tree height,crown height,crown width and length of new shoot,which could reflect the major information of population structure of different planting densities orchard.The components as fruit quality,fruit weight,fruit shape index,hue angle,soluble solid content in eight components were important factors to decide the quality of fruit.The overall score of the orchard group decreased with the decrease of density;the fruit quality of 5.0 m×6.0 m was the best and the yield was relatively high;the fruit quality of 2.5 m×7.0 m was poor but the yield was high.Comprehensive evaluation showed that the fruit quality of 5.0 m×6.0 m was the best,the yield was in the moderate level,and the population structure was reasonable,which was the suitable planting density.