油菜联合收获机梳脱式割台设计

Designing rapeseed harvester combined stripping table with cutting table

针对油菜植株生物学特性和成熟期果荚易炸裂的特点,设计一种油菜联合收获机的梳脱式割台。通过建立梳脱滚筒、拨禾轮等部件的运动学模型,确定拨禾轮、梳脱滚筒、切割装置和防飞溅罩壳的结构参数和运动参数,确定合理的参数组合,并开展梳脱滚筒运动仿真分析。结果表明,梳脱弹指间距为70 mm,弹指轴向倾角小于82°时,可以实现梳脱元件地面投影对作物完全覆盖;当机组前进速度为0.4~1.8 m/s时,为达到较好的梳脱效果,对应的拨禾轮转速和梳脱滚筒转速分别为20~30、220~270r/min,且二者的水平距离应大于374mm。仿真和田间试验表明,梳脱式割台可以实现油菜收获的拨禾、梳脱、抛送、切割等功能。

A rapeseed harvester combined stripping table with cutting table was designed based on the biological characteristics of rapeseed.By modeling the kinematic buildings of stripping drum and reel slat,the parameters of structure and kinematic parameters of reel slat,stripping drum,cutting unit and cover casing were determined.Parameter combinations were optimized and motion simulation analyses of stripping drum were made.The results showed that the ground projection of stripping fingers covered the whole crops when the distance of fingers was 70 mm and their axial obliquity was less than 82°.The rotation rates of reel slat and stripping drum were 20-30r/min and 220-270r/min,respectively.The horizontal distance of them should be wider than 374 mm.The results of simulation and field trials showed that stripping cutting table realized stripping,throwing,cutting and reeling straw.It will provide a new method of designing the structure of rapeseed oil combined harvester.