三种方法对防治恶性肿瘤患者头颈部放疗后发生口腔黏膜炎的效果观察

Effect observation of three methods on the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis after radiotherapy in patients with head and neck malignant tumors

目的观察嚼含冰苦瓜片和含服苦丁茶冰块对于防治恶性肿瘤患者头颈部放疗后所致口腔黏膜炎的效果。方法将75例行头颈部放疗的恶性肿瘤患者按单纯随机法分为A、B、C三组,每组25例。A组在放射治疗期间行常规护理,B组除常规护理外,从放疗第1天开始即行冰苦瓜片嚼含,C组除常规护理外,从放疗第1天即开始口含苦丁茶冰块。比较三组患者治疗结束时(共7周)口腔黏膜反应的严重程度,口腔黏膜炎的持续时间及三组患者的治疗效果。结果 B、C两组患者的口腔黏膜反应的严重程度,口腔黏膜炎的持续时间及治疗效果均显著优于A组(P<0.05)。结论从放疗第1天即开始行冰苦瓜片嚼含和口含苦丁茶冰块均可以降低恶性肿瘤患者头颈部放疗后口腔黏膜反应的严重程度,缩短了口腔黏膜炎的持续时间,并增强治疗效果,减轻患者痛苦,提高了患者的生活质量,值得临床推广使用。

Objective To observe the effect of chewing ice bitter melon slices and administering bitter butyl tea ice for prevention and treatment of oral mucositis after radiotherapy among patients with head and neck malignant tumors. Methods Seventy-five patients un-dergoing head and neck radiotherapy of malignant tumors were randomly assigned into groups A,B,and C,each group with 25 cases. Group A adopted routine nursing during radiotherapy, while besides the routine nursing, group B was treated with chewing ice bitter mel-on slices from the first day of radiotherapy, and group C was treated with oral administration of bitter butyl tea ice from the first day of radiotherapy. Comparison was made in the severity of the oral mucosa reaction, the duration of oral mucositis and efficacies of three groups of patients after 7 weeks of treatment. Results The severity of oral mucosa reaction, the duration of oral mucositis and efficacies were significantly better in groups B and C than group A （P 〈0. 05）. Conclusions Treatment of chewing ice bitter melon slices and administering bitter butyl tea ice after the first day of radiotherapy can lower the severity of oral mucosa reaction of patients with head and neck malignant tumors after radiotherapy, shorten the duration of the oral cavity mucous membrane inflammation, enhance the thera-peutic effect, reduce the patients？ pain and improve the patients？ quality of life.