韩城矿区矿山固体废弃物淋滤试验研究

Leaching Test and Study of Mine Solid Wastes in Hancheng Mining Area

以矿山固体废弃物为研究对象,利用自主研制的淋滤仪器,模拟自然降雨对矿山废石的淋滤过程,探索污染元素及其淋滤规律。试验结果表明:(1)不同试验条件下的淋滤液电导率k变化趋势相同,k—t曲线整体呈下降趋势;(2)对于pH值,新鲜和风化废石有明显不同的淋滤规律;(3)不同试验条件下的淋滤液SO_4^(2-)浓度c变化趋势相同,c—t曲线整体均呈下降趋势;(4)相同风化程度下,降雨强度越大,淋滤液k越小,c越小,pH值变化不明显;(5)相同降雨强度下,风化程度越高,淋滤液k越大,c越大,pH值越低;(6)综合来看,风化程度对于淋滤液的k、pH值、c等的影响均大于降雨强度的影响。

In this paper,the leaching process of the mine rock wastes by natural rainfall was simulated by taking the mine solid wastes as the research object and using the self-developed leaching instrument,and the pollution elements and their leaching rules were explored. The test results showed：（1） The electric conductivity k of the leachate has the same change trend under different test conditions,the k-t curves are trending down;（2）The p H value of the leachate indicates that the fresh and weathered waste rock have obvious different leaching rules;（3） Under different conditions,the SO_4^（2-）concentration c of the leachate shows the similar change trend,the c-t curve presents the downward trend;（4）Under the same weathering degree,the greater the rainfall intensity,the smaller the electric conductivity k of the leachate,the smaller the SO_4^（2-）concentration c of the leachate c,and the change of p H value is not obvious;（5）Under the same rainfall intensity,the greater the weathering degree,the greater the electric conductivity k of the leachate,the larger the SO_4^（2-）concentration c of the leachate,and the lower the p H value;（6） Taken together,the weathering degree has greater impact than the rainfall intensity on k,p H value and c of the leachate.