“价值理性”与福利政策瞄准偏差——基于甘肃省东部农村新农合的调查

Value Rational and Targeting Error of Policy:Evidence from East of Gansu Province in China

21世纪以来,随着全球老龄化浪潮的来临,中国的老龄化速度加快,政府加快了福利政策的推进。福利政策的瞄准偏差影响着福利效率,传统的瞄准研究从技术分析视角、政治过程视角、文化视角三个视角出发进行研究,而文化视角侧重于文化特殊性与福利污名化关系的研究。调查发现甘肃东部农村存在与文化特殊性相关的价值理性,这种价值理性构成了不同于福利污名化的另一个面向新农合政策瞄准的影响。而该价值理性主导的行为选择所形成的新农合政策瞄准偏差的缩小,不仅需要农村地区关于"孝"、"享福"与"善终"的价值观念的转变,从而在个体行为上实现以对患病高龄老人进行及时治疗,而非将大额金钱用于丧事消费;同时制度层面需要进一步优化农村高龄患病老人对医疗资源的可及性。

Since the 21st century,with the advent of the global aging,Chinas aging rate has increased quickly, the government has taken some relative welfare policy. The targeting error of the welfare policy affects the welfare efficiency. The traditional researching is focus on three viewpoints： the technical analysis,the political process and the culture. The viewpoint of culture focuses on the relationship between culture and welfare stigma, The survey shows that the value rational in east of Gansu Province in China affect targeting error of New Rural Co - operative Medical Policy （ NRCMP） that is different from welfare stigma. The result of researching is that the decrease of targeting error of（ NRCMP） depend on the change of values： the ＂filial piety＂ happy lot＂ and ＂die in his bed＂ , promoting elderly people by diseases having timely medical treatment, instead of spending large amount of money on the funeral consumption, while the public healthcare system is easier access to medical treatment.