“放管服”改革背景下社会组织发展的政策工具选择——基于2004至2016年省级政策文本的量化分析

The Choice of Political Tools for Nonprofit Organizations' Development Under“The Pipes Suit”Reform——Based on the Quantitative Analysis of Province's Policy Contexts from 2004-2016

架构适切的政策工具是促进社会组织发展的重要保障。在霍莱特和拉姆什的政策工具分析框架基础上,将社会组织政策工具分为放松管制、监督管理和培育发展三种类型,对2004-2016年我国省级层面社会组织发展的503份政策进行文本收集、遴选、编码以及量化分析,进而探究"放管服"改革背景下社会组织发展政策工具的演进路径、空间差异和组合选择。研究发现:当前各地社会组织发展的政策工具与"放管服"改革的政策目标匹配度较低;政策工具类型方面以监督管理工具为主,放松管制工具次之,培育发展工具最少;政策工具选择存在明显的地区性差异,中、西部地区放松管制政策工具运用率较高,而东部、东北地区监督管理与培育发展运用率较高。结论指出我国发展社会组织应因地制宜,综合考虑各种不同政策工具的要求条件和政策效果,并注重政策工具的优化组合。

Political instruments of nonprofit organizations are important means to achieve the development of nonprofit organization.Under the background of'the Pipes Suit'Reform and firstly,this paper divides the political tools of nonprofit organizations into deregulation,supervision as well as cultivation and development based on the political analysis framework of Howlett and Ramesh.Then,this paper takes 503 provincial policy contexts about the development of nonprofit organizations from 2004 to 2016 as the research object.By collecting,selecting,coding and quantitatively analyzing these policies,the paper tries to explore the evolution path,spatial difference and portfolio choice of the political tools about nonprofit organizations’development.Finally,this paper finds that the current political tools about nonprofit organizations’development poorly match the political goal of'The Pipes Suit'Reform.As for the using of political tools,supervision is the most important tools,following with deregulation,the last is the tool of cultivation and development.There are obvious differences for each region to select their political tools.Specifically,the tool of deregulation is used by the middle and western regions while supervision,cultivation and development are preferred by eastern and northeast region.It is recommended that different regions should consider the local situation into their political decisions,what is more,conditions and political effects of different tools should been taken into account,as well as the optimized combination of different political tools.