超细钨铜复合粉末注射成型药型罩研发及测试

Development and performance test of tungsten-copper shaped charge liners by metal injection moulding of ultrafine composite powder

W-Cu合金结合了钨的高密度与铜的高动态延伸率,是一种前景广阔的药型罩材料.为获得性能优良的金属射流,提高油气井射孔弹的穿孔指标,对高致密均质W-Cu合金药型罩进行了研发.采用热化学工艺开发了不同含铜率(质量分数为10%,15%,20%,25%)的亚微米级超细W-Cu复合粉末,选W-25Cu型复合粉末并采用注射近净成型工艺技术制备了药型罩,将脱脂件在H_2气氛中烧结,峰值温度为1 200℃.采用SEM观察发现,烧结药型罩微观结构为亚微米级的W粒子均匀地分布在Cu基体中,其实测密度高达14.75 g/cm^3.拉伸试验表明,所开发的药型罩材料具有优良的力学性能,极限抗拉强度达到822.4 MPa,屈服强度达807.5 MPa,延伸率为1.18%.破甲性能测试实验证明,该类药型罩具有极其稳定的侵彻性能.

Tungsten-copper（W-Cu） is an attractive material for shaped charge liner due to the combination of the high density of W and the good plasticity of Cu.In order to improve penetration indexes of perforating charges by obtain metal jet with excellent performance,the W-Cu liner with high degree homogeneity and relative density was developed.A series of submicron W-Cu composite powder with different Cu content from 10%~25% has been developed by thermo-chemical process.With the utilization of metal injection moulding（MIM）,a type of near net-shaping shaped charge liner in W-25 Cu has been prepared.The debinded parts were then sintered in Hydrogen atmosphere at the peak temperature of 1 200 ℃.After being sintered,the measured density of W-25 Cu liner reached 14.75 g/cm^3.Tensile test indicated that the developed liner possessed excellent material mechanical properties,ultimate tensile strength 822.4 MPa,Yield strength 807.5 MPa,Elongation 1.18%.The resulted material observed by SEM has a microstructure with the submicron W particles distributing homogeneously in the Cu matrix.The ballistic test showed the shaped charge W-25 Cu liner by metal injection moulding of ultrafine composite powder with a high stable performance to penetrating into concrete target.