“过劳死”法律规制之完善路径

On the Perfection of Legal Regulation of Karoshi

明确"过劳死"的法律责任性质是劳动者权益保护以及对其实施有效法律救济的重要条件。"过劳死"是一种职业灾害,其法律责任同时兼具侵权责任与工伤责任性质,二者在司法实践中的适用,各国存在着差异性。当前我国调整"过劳死"现象的法律规范存在不足,预防"过劳死"之法律制度缺失,"过劳死"受害者无法得到法律救济,"过劳死"这一职业灾害的预防无法得以落实。"过劳死"立法显得尤为必要,应不断完善侵权行为损害赔偿认定标准,明确劳工补偿与侵权行为损害赔偿的适用,细化过劳死的认定标准,逐步拓展"过劳死"的法律救济范围,加强"过劳死"的法律预防。

It is an important condition for the protection of the rights and interests of laborers and the effective implementation of legal remedies to define the legal nature of ＂karoshi＂. ＂ Overwork death＂ is a kind of occupational disaster, and its legal liability has both the nature of tort liability and that of industrial injury liability, whose applications in judicial practice are different in different countries. At present, there are some deficiencies in the regulation of the phenomenon of ＂overwork death＂ in our country, and even no any legal system for the prevention of it. Thus it is urgent to make relevant legislation on ＂ death from overwork＂ We should, constantly improve the tort damage compensation standards, clarify its applicability of workers＂ compensation and tort damage compensation, and refine its standards. Besides, the range of legal relief of karoshi should be expanded gradually, and the legal prevention of it strengthened.