当“预防犯罪”面对“隐私权保护”——检察机关公开性侵害未成年人犯罪人员信息的合法性分析

Legal Analyze on the Information Disclosure of Sexual Assault to Juveniles

公开性侵害未成年人犯罪人员信息是实践中基层检察机关为预防犯罪而采取的一项新兴管制措施。就职权而言,未成年人检察工作在一定程度上逾越了《检察院组织法》的设定,但检察机关可由《未成年人保护法》"预防犯罪"之要求而获得取得合法性依据。在具体措施方面,信息公开基于"预防犯罪"的社会管理属性而具有行政性,并可区分为公开姓名等事实行为与公开照片等法律行为,前者因信息已为判决书已公开而具备合法性,后者则存在无明确上位法依据,具体措施与上位规范相抵触等合法性缺陷。但从社会治理的现实效果出发,应对上述合法性缺陷从重塑规制措施、将规范转化为检察建议,增强规范制定过程中的正当程序装置等三方面进行补足。

Opening information of criminals who assaulted juveniles is preventing juveniles from crimes. First, to a certain extent, Organic Law for People＇s Procuratorate, but procuratorate can from Law of Protecting of Juveniles. And then, this opening a new regulate way for it surpass limitation of get legislative authority should be regarded as administrative action, and divided into two parts. Some information would be lawful, because they have been opened by judgements. But other information should be unlawful for conflicting with superior laws. Considering effective social regulating, the procuratorate should make up those defects by some measures.