基于3S技术的四川省川红花资源适宜性空间分布研究

Study on suitable distribution areas of Sichuan safflower in Sichuan province based on 3S technologies

川红花是中国传统的活血化瘀中药材。该研究以四川省为例,结合川红花生长的生态环境指标,基于TM影像、数字高程模型(DEM)、气象、土壤等数据,利用遥感和GIS(地理信息系统)技术提取林地、草地、海拔、气温、降水、土壤等影响因子,从而对川产道地药材川红花的适宜性空间分布进行研究,并结合野外实测进行验证。结果表明:川红花资源主要集中在四川东部和东北部地区,适宜性区域约为6 277.14 km2,其中,达州市的适宜区的面积达1 143.45 km2,占全省适宜区的18.22%。从各区县看,达川区适宜性区域达到507.15 km2,占全县土地面积的17.9%。另外,纳溪区、青神县、江安县等12个区县的适宜区面积超过100 km2,且占各县土地面积的10%以上。通过遥感和GIS技术分析的结果与川红花的实际分布地区基本相符,说明利用3S技术研究川红花的适宜性分布是可行的,可以为中草药资源的监测保护以及合理开发提供科学依据。

Sichuan safflower （Carthamus tinctorius） is a traditional Chinese medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. In this paper, taking Sichuan province as an example, based on TM image, digital elevation model （DEM）, meteorolo- gy, soil and other data, and using remote sensing and GIS technology to extract grassland, elevation, temperature and precipitation, soil and other influencing factors, the spatial distribution of the suitability of safflower was studied, and the field investigation was car- fled out. The results indicate that Sichuan safflower resources are mainly concentrated in the eastern and northeastern parts of Sichuan, and the suitable distribution area is about 6 277.14 km2. The area of suitable area of Dazhou is 1 143.45 km2 , which is suitable for the province area of 18. 22%. From the county point of view, the suitable area of Dachuan is about 507. 15 km2, and accounting for 17. 9% of county. In addition, Naxi, Qingshen, Jiangan and other 12 counties of the suitable area of more than 100 km2, and accoun- ted for more than 10% of the county. The resuhs of remote sensing and GIS analysis are in accordance with the real area of Sichuan safflower resources. It is feasible to find out the area suitable for the growth of Sichuan safflower by 3S technologies. It can provide a scientific basis for the monitoring and development of Chinese herbal resources.